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README.md
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README.md
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# Homebrew (un)installer
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# Homebrew安装、设置镜像教程
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## Install Homebrew (on macOS or Linux)
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`Homebrew`是一款包管理工具，目前支持`macOS`和`linux`系统。主要有四个部分组成: `brew`、`homebrew-core` 、`homebrew-cask`、`homebrew-bottles`。
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| 名称 | 说明 |
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| --- | --- |
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| brew | Homebrew 源代码仓库 |
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| homebrew-core | Homebrew 核心源 |
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| homebrew-cask | 提供 macOS 应用和大型二进制文件的安装 |
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| homebrew-bottles | 预编译二进制软件包 |
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## Homebrew 安装（简版）
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### 安装 Homebrew (macOS)
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```bash
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/install.sh)"
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```
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More installation information and options: https://docs.brew.sh/Installation.
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If running Linux or WSL, [there are some pre-requisite packages to install](https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux#requirements).
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## Uninstall Homebrew
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### 卸载 Homebrew
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```bash
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/uninstall.sh)"
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```
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Download the uninstall script and run `/bin/bash uninstall.sh --help` to view more uninstall options.
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### 沟通反馈
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欢迎加入微信群，获得最新动态。
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<h2 id='part1'>1. 脚本说明</h2>
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**2020年12月14日更新：升级到shell脚本安装方式。**
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`Homebrew`默认安装脚本：
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```sh
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
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```
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如果你等待一段时间之后遇到下面提示，就说明无法访问官方脚本地址：
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```sh
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curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443: Operation timed out
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```
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请按照下面 [安装说明](#part2) 步骤执行。
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安装使用到的脚本源码在此 [homebrew-install](https://github.com/ineo6/homebrew-install) 。
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> 官方脚本无法使用的原因是`raw.githubusercontent.com`访问很不稳定，我上面提供的方案里是采用了`jsdelivr CDN`加速访问。
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>
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> 另外也可以采用写入`hosts`的方式，可以一定程度解决`GitHub`资源无法访问的问题，我也写了一篇操作文章，有需要可以阅读下。
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http://idayer.com/speed-github-githubusercontent-page-with-hosts/
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<h2 id='part2'>2. 安装说明</h2>
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提前设置`homebrew-core`镜像源并执行：
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```sh
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# 中科大
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HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/install.sh)"
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```
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如果命令执行中卡在下面信息（如提示有差异，请反馈给我）：
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```
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==> Tapping homebrew/core
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Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
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```
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请`Control + C`中断脚本执行如下命令：
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```sh
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cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/"
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mkdir homebrew && cd homebrew
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git clone git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
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```
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**`cask` 同样也有安装失败或者卡住的问题，解决方法也是一样：**
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```shell
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cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/"
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cd homebrew
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git clone https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git
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```
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成功执行之后继续执行前文的安装命令:
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```sh
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/install.sh)"
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```
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最后看到`==> Installation successful!`就说明安装成功了。
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最最后更新下：
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```sh
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brew update
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```
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<h2 id='part3'>3. 设置镜像</h2>
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`brew`、`homebrew/core`是必备项目，`homebrew/cask`、`homebrew/bottles`按需设置。
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通过 `brew config` 命令可以查看相关配置信息。
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### 3.1 中科大源
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```sh
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git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
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git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
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git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git
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brew update
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# 长期替换homebrew-bottles
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echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
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source ~/.bash_profile
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```
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注意`bottles`可以临时设置，在终端执行下面命令：
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```sh
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export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles
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```
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### 3.2 清华大学源
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```sh
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git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git
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git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git
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git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-cask.git
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brew update
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# 长期替换homebrew-bottles
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echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
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source ~/.bash_profile
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```
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### 3.3 恢复默认源
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```sh
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git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git
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git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core.git
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git -C "$(brew --repo homebrew/cask)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask.git
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brew update
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```
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`homebrew-bottles`配置只能手动删除，将 `~/.bash_profile` 文件中的 `HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.xxx.com`内容删除，并执行 `source ~/.bash_profile`。
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至此，安装和设置操作都完成了。
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## 5. 其他相关
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### 5.1 cask
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目前`cask`是从`GitHub`上读取软件源，而`GitHub Api`对访问有限制，如果使用比较频繁的话，可以申请`Api Token`，然后在环境变量中配置到`HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN`。
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在`.bash_profile`中追加:
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```shell
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export HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN=yourtoken
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```
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注意：因为`cask`是从`GitHub`下载软件，所以目前是无法加速的。
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### 5.2 如何卸载Homebrew
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使用官方脚本同样会遇到`uninstall`地址无法访问问题，可以使用下面脚本：
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```sh
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/ineo6/homebrew-install/uninstall.sh)"
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```
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### 5.3 反馈问题
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## 6. 总结
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在前面的过程中我们把`brew`和`homebrew-core`的地址都指向到中科大镜像。
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原理是通过修改`install.sh`脚本，在里面预设镜像地址。
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```sh
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STAT="stat --printf"
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CHOWN="/bin/chown"
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CHGRP="/bin/chgrp"
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GROUP="$(id -gn)"
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TOUCH="/bin/touch"
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fi
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# 这里替换了BREW_REPO
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BREW_REPO="https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git"
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```
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更新后的方案使用`HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE`来预设`homebrew-core`源，不过这个设置方法很可能无效，欢迎小伙伴留言反馈你的效果。
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## 如果对您有帮助
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点赞、分享、收藏，能让更多人能发现文章，这也是对我的认可和鼓励，谢谢。
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## 参考文章
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- [清华大学开源软件镜像站](https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/homebrew/)
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- [中科大源](http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/brew.git.html)
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