fix(binding): empty value error (#2169)

* fix empty value error

Here is the code that can report an error
```go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"time"
)

type header struct {
	Duration   time.Duration `header:"duration"`
	CreateTime time.Time     `header:"createTime" time_format:"unix"`
}

func needFix1() {
	g := gin.Default()
	g.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
		h := header{}
		err := c.ShouldBindHeader(&h)
		if err != nil {
			c.JSON(500, fmt.Sprintf("fail:%s\n", err))
			return
		}

		c.JSON(200, h)
	})

	g.Run(":8081")
}

func needFix2() {
	g := gin.Default()
	g.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
		h := header{}
		err := c.ShouldBindHeader(&h)
		if err != nil {
			c.JSON(500, fmt.Sprintf("fail:%s\n", err))
			return
		}

		c.JSON(200, h)
	})

	g.Run(":8082")
}

func sendNeedFix1() {
	// send to needFix1
	sendBadData("http://127.0.0.1:8081", "duration")
}

func sendNeedFix2() {
	// send to needFix2
	sendBadData("http://127.0.0.1:8082", "createTime")
}

func sendBadData(url, key string) {
	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8081", nil)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("err:%s\n", err)
		return
	}

	// Only the key and no value can cause an error
	req.Header.Add(key, "")
	rsp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	io.Copy(os.Stdout, rsp.Body)
	rsp.Body.Close()
}

func main() {
	go needFix1()
	go needFix2()

	time.Sleep(time.Second / 1000 * 200) // 200ms
	sendNeedFix1()
	sendNeedFix2()
}

```

* modify code

* add comment

* test(binding): use 'any' alias and require.NoError in form mapping tests

- Replace 'interface{}' with 'any' alias in bindTestData struct
- Change assert.NoError to require.NoError in TestMappingTimeUnixNano and TestMappingTimeDuration to fail fast on mapping errors

---------

Co-authored-by: Bo-Yi Wu <appleboy.tw@gmail.com>

binding/form_mapping.go

@@ -300,6 +300,11 @@ func setByForm(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, form map[string][
 }
 
 func setWithProperType(val string, value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField) error {
+	// If it is a string type, no spaces are removed, and the user data is not modified here
+	if value.Kind() != reflect.String {
+		val = strings.TrimSpace(val)
+	}
+
 	switch value.Kind() {
 	case reflect.Int:
 		return setIntField(val, 0, value)
@@ -404,6 +409,11 @@ func setTimeField(val string, structField reflect.StructField, value reflect.Val
 		timeFormat = time.RFC3339
 	}
 
+	if val == "" {
+		value.Set(reflect.ValueOf(time.Time{}))
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	switch tf := strings.ToLower(timeFormat); tf {
 	case "unix", "unixmilli", "unixmicro", "unixnano":
 		tv, err := strconv.ParseInt(val, 10, 64)
@@ -427,11 +437,6 @@ func setTimeField(val string, structField reflect.StructField, value reflect.Val
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if val == "" {
-		value.Set(reflect.ValueOf(time.Time{}))
-		return nil
-	}
-
 	l := time.Local
 	if isUTC, _ := strconv.ParseBool(structField.Tag.Get("time_utc")); isUTC {
 		l = time.UTC
@@ -475,6 +480,10 @@ func setSlice(vals []string, value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField) err
 }
 
 func setTimeDuration(val string, value reflect.Value) error {
+	if val == "" {
+		val = "0"
+	}
+
 	d, err := time.ParseDuration(val)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err

binding/form_mapping_test.go

@@ -226,7 +226,35 @@ func TestMappingTime(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Error(t, err)
 }
 
+type bindTestData struct {
+	need any
+	got  any
+	in   map[string][]string
+}
+
+func TestMappingTimeUnixNano(t *testing.T) {
+	type needFixUnixNanoEmpty struct {
+		CreateTime time.Time `form:"createTime" time_format:"unixNano"`
+	}
+
+	// ok
+	tests := []bindTestData{
+		{need: &needFixUnixNanoEmpty{}, got: &needFixUnixNanoEmpty{}, in: formSource{"createTime": []string{"   "}}},
+		{need: &needFixUnixNanoEmpty{}, got: &needFixUnixNanoEmpty{}, in: formSource{"createTime": []string{}}},
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range tests {
+		err := mapForm(v.got, v.in)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, v.need, v.got)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestMappingTimeDuration(t *testing.T) {
+	type needFixDurationEmpty struct {
+		Duration time.Duration `form:"duration"`
+	}
+
 	var s struct {
 		D time.Duration
 	}
@@ -236,6 +264,17 @@ func TestMappingTimeDuration(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, 5*time.Second, s.D)
 
+	// ok
+	tests := []bindTestData{
+		{need: &needFixDurationEmpty{}, got: &needFixDurationEmpty{}, in: formSource{"duration": []string{"   "}}},
+		{need: &needFixDurationEmpty{}, got: &needFixDurationEmpty{}, in: formSource{"duration": []string{}}},
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range tests {
+		err := mapForm(v.got, v.in)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, v.need, v.got)
+	}
 	// error
 	err = mappingByPtr(&s, formSource{"D": {"wrong"}}, "form")
 	require.Error(t, err)