fix conflict

2025-10-24 02:32:17 +08:00 · 2018-04-17 12:57:47 +08:00 · 2018-04-17 12:57:47 +08:00 · 8a14fbd2fd
commit 8a14fbd2fd
parent 8027a23db9 6ad7b9c9d3
50 changed files with 1798 additions and 430 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ vendor/*
 !vendor/vendor.json
 coverage.out
 count.out
+test
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ go:
  - 1.7.x
  - 1.8.x
  - 1.9.x
+  - 1.10.x
  - master

 git:
--- a/4
+++ b/4
@ -2,14 +2,14 @@ GOFMT ?= gofmt "-s"
 PACKAGES ?= $(shell go list ./... | grep -v /vendor/)
 GOFILES := $(shell find . -name "*.go" -type f -not -path "./vendor/*")

-all: build
+all: install

 install: deps
 	govendor sync

 .PHONY: test
 test:
-	go test -v -covermode=count -coverprofile=coverage.out
+	sh coverage.sh

 .PHONY: fmt
 fmt:
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/gin-gonic/gin)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/gin-gonic/gin)
 [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/gin-gonic/gin?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/gin-gonic/gin)
 [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/gin-gonic/gin](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/gin-gonic/gin?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
+[![Open Source Helpers](https://www.codetriage.com/gin-gonic/gin/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/gin-gonic/gin)

 Gin is a web framework written in Go (Golang). It features a martini-like API with much better performance, up to 40 times faster thanks to [httprouter](https://github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter). If you need performance and good productivity, you will love Gin.

@ -74,10 +75,10 @@ BenchmarkTigerTonic_GithubAll               |    1000    |  1439483    |  239104
 BenchmarkTraffic_GithubAll                  |     100    | 11383067    | 2659329    | 21848
 BenchmarkVulcan_GithubAll                   |    5000    |   394253    |   19894    |   609

-(1): Total Repetitions achieved in constant time, higher means more confident result
-(2): Single Repetition Duration (ns/op), lower is better
-(3): Heap Memory (B/op), lower is better
-(4): Average Allocations per Repetition (allocs/op), lower is better
+- (1): Total Repetitions achieved in constant time, higher means more confident result
+- (2): Single Repetition Duration (ns/op), lower is better
+- (3): Heap Memory (B/op), lower is better
+- (4): Average Allocations per Repetition (allocs/op), lower is better

 ## Gin v1. stable

@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ $ go get github.com/kardianos/govendor
 2. Create your project folder and `cd` inside

 ```sh
-$ mkdir -p ~/go/src/github.com/myusername/project && cd "$_"
+$ mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/github.com/myusername/project && cd "$_"
 ```

 3. Vendor init your project and add gin
@ -385,7 +386,7 @@ func main() {
 	r := gin.New()

 	// Global middleware
-	// Logger middleware will write the logs to gin.DefaultWriter even you set with GIN_MODE=release.
+	// Logger middleware will write the logs to gin.DefaultWriter even if you set with GIN_MODE=release.
 	// By default gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout
 	r.Use(gin.Logger())

@ -435,7 +436,7 @@ func main() {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })

-    r.Run(":8080")
+    router.Run(":8080")
 }
 ```

@ -472,7 +473,7 @@ func main() {
 	// Example for binding JSON ({"user": "manu", "password": "123"})
 	router.POST("/loginJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
 		var json Login
-		if err = c.ShouldBindJSON(&json); err == nil {
+		if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&json); err == nil {
 			if json.User == "manu" && json.Password == "123" {
 				c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"})
 			} else {
@ -540,7 +541,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
-	validator "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
+	"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
 )

 type Booking struct {
@ -563,7 +564,11 @@ func bookableDate(

 func main() {
 	route := gin.Default()
-	binding.Validator.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
+
+	if v, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate); ok {
+		v.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
+	}
+
 	route.GET("/bookable", getBookable)
 	route.Run(":8085")
 }
@ -579,13 +584,16 @@ func getBookable(c *gin.Context) {
 ```

 ```console
-$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2017-08-16&check_out=2017-08-17"
+$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2018-04-16&check_out=2018-04-17"
 {"message":"Booking dates are valid!"}

-$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2017-08-15&check_out=2017-08-16"
+$ curl "localhost:8085/bookable?check_in=2018-03-08&check_out=2018-03-09"
 {"error":"Key: 'Booking.CheckIn' Error:Field validation for 'CheckIn' failed on the 'bookabledate' tag"}
 ```

+[Struct level validations](https://github.com/go-playground/validator/releases/tag/v8.7) can also be registed this way.
+See the [struct-lvl-validation example](examples/struct-lvl-validations) to learn more.
+
 ### Only Bind Query String

 `ShouldBindQuery` function only binds the query params and not the post data. See the [detail information](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/742#issuecomment-315953017).
@ -1071,7 +1079,7 @@ func main() {

 ### Goroutines inside a middleware

-When starting inside a middleware or handler, you **SHOULD NOT** use the original context inside it, you have to use a read-only copy.
+When starting new Goroutines inside a middleware or handler, you **SHOULD NOT** use the original context inside it, you have to use a read-only copy.

 ```go
 func main() {
@ -1133,7 +1141,7 @@ func main() {

 example for 1-line LetsEncrypt HTTPS servers.

-[embedmd]:# (examples/auto-tls/example1.go go)
+[embedmd]:# (examples/auto-tls/example1/main.go go)
 ```go
 package main

@ -1158,7 +1166,7 @@ func main() {

 example for custom autocert manager.

-[embedmd]:# (examples/auto-tls/example2.go go)
+[embedmd]:# (examples/auto-tls/example2/main.go go)
 ```go
 package main

@ -1190,7 +1198,7 @@ func main() {

 ### Run multiple service using Gin

-See the [question](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/346) and try the folling example:
+See the [question](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/346) and try the following example:

 [embedmd]:# (examples/multiple-service/main.go go)
 ```go
@ -1323,8 +1331,8 @@ func main() {

 	go func() {
 		// service connections
-		if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil {
-			log.Printf("listen: %s\n", err)
+		if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Fatalf("listen: %s\n", err)
 		}
 	}()

@ -1344,6 +1352,52 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```

+## Testing
+
+The `net/http/httptest` package is preferable way for HTTP testing.
+
+```go
+package main
+
+func setupRouter() *gin.Engine {
+	r := gin.Default()
+	r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		c.String(200, "pong")
+	})
+	return r
+}
+
+func main() {
+	r := setupRouter()
+	r.Run(":8080")
+}
+```
+
+Test for code example above:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestPingRoute(t *testing.T) {
+	router := setupRouter()
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/ping", nil)
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "pong", w.Body.String())
+}
+```
+
 ## Users  [![Sourcegraph](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/gin-gonic/gin/-/badge.svg)](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/gin-gonic/gin?badge)

 Awesome project lists using [Gin](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin) web framework.
--- a/auth.go
+++ b/auth.go
@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ const AuthUserKey = "user"
 type Accounts map[string]string

 type authPair struct {
-	Value string
-	User  string
+	value string
+	user  string
 }

 type authPairs []authPair
@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ func (a authPairs) searchCredential(authValue string) (string, bool) {
 		return "", false
 	}
 	for _, pair := range a {
-		if pair.Value == authValue {
-			return pair.User, true
+		if pair.value == authValue {
+			return pair.user, true
 		}
 	}
 	return "", false
@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ func processAccounts(accounts Accounts) authPairs {
 		assert1(user != "", "User can not be empty")
 		value := authorizationHeader(user, password)
 		pairs = append(pairs, authPair{
-			Value: value,
-			User:  user,
+			value: value,
+			user:  user,
 		})
 	}
 	return pairs
--- a/auth_test.go
+++ b/auth_test.go
@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ func TestBasicAuth(t *testing.T) {

 	assert.Len(t, pairs, 3)
 	assert.Contains(t, pairs, authPair{
-		User:  "bar",
-		Value: "Basic YmFyOmZvbw==",
+		user:  "bar",
+		value: "Basic YmFyOmZvbw==",
 	})
 	assert.Contains(t, pairs, authPair{
-		User:  "foo",
-		Value: "Basic Zm9vOmJhcg==",
+		user:  "foo",
+		value: "Basic Zm9vOmJhcg==",
 	})
 	assert.Contains(t, pairs, authPair{
-		User:  "admin",
-		Value: "Basic YWRtaW46cGFzc3dvcmQ=",
+		user:  "admin",
+		value: "Basic YWRtaW46cGFzc3dvcmQ=",
 	})
 }

--- a/benchmarks_test.go
+++ b/benchmarks_test.go
@ -59,8 +59,6 @@ func BenchmarkOneRouteJSON(B *testing.B) {
 	runRequest(B, router, "GET", "/json")
 }

-var htmlContentType = []string{"text/html; charset=utf-8"}
-
 func BenchmarkOneRouteHTML(B *testing.B) {
 	router := New()
 	t := template.Must(template.New("index").Parse(`
--- a/binding/binding.go
+++ b/binding/binding.go
@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ package binding

 import (
 	"net/http"
-
-	validator "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
 )

 const (
@ -23,11 +21,18 @@ const (
 	MIMEMSGPACK2          = "application/msgpack"
 )

+// Binding describes the interface which needs to be implemented for binding the
+// data present in the request such as JSON request body, query parameters or
+// the form POST.
 type Binding interface {
 	Name() string
 	Bind(*http.Request, interface{}) error
 }

+// StructValidator is the minimal interface which needs to be implemented in
+// order for it to be used as the validator engine for ensuring the correctness
+// of the reqest. Gin provides a default implementation for this using
+// https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v8.18.2.
 type StructValidator interface {
 	// ValidateStruct can receive any kind of type and it should never panic, even if the configuration is not right.
 	// If the received type is not a struct, any validation should be skipped and nil must be returned.
@ -36,14 +41,18 @@ type StructValidator interface {
 	// Otherwise nil must be returned.
 	ValidateStruct(interface{}) error

-	// RegisterValidation adds a validation Func to a Validate's map of validators denoted by the key
-	// NOTE: if the key already exists, the previous validation function will be replaced.
-	// NOTE: this method is not thread-safe it is intended that these all be registered prior to any validation
-	RegisterValidation(string, validator.Func) error
+	// Engine returns the underlying validator engine which powers the
+	// StructValidator implementation.
+	Engine() interface{}
 }

+// Validator is the default validator which implements the StructValidator
+// interface. It uses https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v8.18.2
+// under the hood.
 var Validator StructValidator = &defaultValidator{}

+// These implement the Binding interface and can be used to bind the data
+// present in the request to struct instances.
 var (
 	JSON          = jsonBinding{}
 	XML           = xmlBinding{}
@ -55,6 +64,8 @@ var (
 	MsgPack       = msgpackBinding{}
 )

+// Default returns the appropriate Binding instance based on the HTTP method
+// and the content type.
 func Default(method, contentType string) Binding {
 	if method == "GET" {
 		return Form
--- a/binding/binding_test.go
+++ b/binding/binding_test.go
@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ package binding

 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"io/ioutil"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"net/http"
 	"testing"
+	"time"

 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding/example"
 	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
@ -30,6 +34,116 @@ type FooDefaultBarStruct struct {
 	Bar string `msgpack:"bar" json:"bar" form:"bar,default=hello" xml:"bar" binding:"required"`
 }

+type FooStructUseNumber struct {
+	Foo interface{} `json:"foo" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForTimeType struct {
+	TimeFoo time.Time `form:"time_foo" time_format:"2006-01-02" time_utc:"1" time_location:"Asia/Chongqing"`
+	TimeBar time.Time `form:"time_bar" time_format:"2006-01-02" time_utc:"1"`
+}
+
+type FooStructForTimeTypeNotFormat struct {
+	TimeFoo time.Time `form:"time_foo"`
+}
+
+type FooStructForTimeTypeFailFormat struct {
+	TimeFoo time.Time `form:"time_foo" time_format:"2017-11-15"`
+}
+
+type FooStructForTimeTypeFailLocation struct {
+	TimeFoo time.Time `form:"time_foo" time_format:"2006-01-02" time_location:"/asia/chongqing"`
+}
+
+type FooStructForMapType struct {
+	// Unknown type: not support map
+	MapFoo map[string]interface{} `form:"map_foo"`
+}
+
+type InvalidNameType struct {
+	TestName string `invalid_name:"test_name"`
+}
+
+type InvalidNameMapType struct {
+	TestName struct {
+		MapFoo map[string]interface{} `form:"map_foo"`
+	}
+}
+
+type FooStructForSliceType struct {
+	SliceFoo []int `form:"slice_foo"`
+}
+
+type FooStructForSliceMapType struct {
+	// Unknown type: not support map
+	SliceMapFoo []map[string]interface{} `form:"slice_map_foo"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForIntType struct {
+	IntFoo int `form:"int_foo"`
+	IntBar int `form:"int_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForInt8Type struct {
+	Int8Foo int8 `form:"int8_foo"`
+	Int8Bar int8 `form:"int8_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForInt16Type struct {
+	Int16Foo int16 `form:"int16_foo"`
+	Int16Bar int16 `form:"int16_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForInt32Type struct {
+	Int32Foo int32 `form:"int32_foo"`
+	Int32Bar int32 `form:"int32_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForInt64Type struct {
+	Int64Foo int64 `form:"int64_foo"`
+	Int64Bar int64 `form:"int64_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForUintType struct {
+	UintFoo uint `form:"uint_foo"`
+	UintBar uint `form:"uint_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForUint8Type struct {
+	Uint8Foo uint8 `form:"uint8_foo"`
+	Uint8Bar uint8 `form:"uint8_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForUint16Type struct {
+	Uint16Foo uint16 `form:"uint16_foo"`
+	Uint16Bar uint16 `form:"uint16_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForUint32Type struct {
+	Uint32Foo uint32 `form:"uint32_foo"`
+	Uint32Bar uint32 `form:"uint32_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForUint64Type struct {
+	Uint64Foo uint64 `form:"uint64_foo"`
+	Uint64Bar uint64 `form:"uint64_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForBoolType struct {
+	BoolFoo bool `form:"bool_foo"`
+	BoolBar bool `form:"bool_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForFloat32Type struct {
+	Float32Foo float32 `form:"float32_foo"`
+	Float32Bar float32 `form:"float32_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+type FooBarStructForFloat64Type struct {
+	Float64Foo float64 `form:"float64_foo"`
+	Float64Bar float64 `form:"float64_bar" binding:"required"`
+}
+
 func TestBindingDefault(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, Default("GET", ""), Form)
 	assert.Equal(t, Default("GET", MIMEJSON), Form)
@ -60,6 +174,20 @@ func TestBindingJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		`{"foo": "bar"}`, `{"bar": "foo"}`)
 }

+func TestBindingJSONUseNumber(t *testing.T) {
+	testBodyBindingUseNumber(t,
+		JSON, "json",
+		"/", "/",
+		`{"foo": 123}`, `{"bar": "foo"}`)
+}
+
+func TestBindingJSONUseNumber2(t *testing.T) {
+	testBodyBindingUseNumber2(t,
+		JSON, "json",
+		"/", "/",
+		`{"foo": 123}`, `{"bar": "foo"}`)
+}
+
 func TestBindingForm(t *testing.T) {
 	testFormBinding(t, "POST",
 		"/", "/",
@ -84,6 +212,174 @@ func TestBindingFormDefaultValue2(t *testing.T) {
 		"", "")
 }

+func TestBindingFormForTime(t *testing.T) {
+	testFormBindingForTime(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"time_foo=2017-11-15&time_bar=", "bar2=foo")
+	testFormBindingForTimeNotFormat(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"time_foo=2017-11-15", "bar2=foo")
+	testFormBindingForTimeFailFormat(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"time_foo=2017-11-15", "bar2=foo")
+	testFormBindingForTimeFailLocation(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"time_foo=2017-11-15", "bar2=foo")
+}
+
+func TestBindingFormForTime2(t *testing.T) {
+	testFormBindingForTime(t, "GET",
+		"/?time_foo=2017-11-15&time_bar=", "/?bar2=foo",
+		"", "")
+	testFormBindingForTimeNotFormat(t, "GET",
+		"/?time_foo=2017-11-15", "/?bar2=foo",
+		"", "")
+	testFormBindingForTimeFailFormat(t, "GET",
+		"/?time_foo=2017-11-15", "/?bar2=foo",
+		"", "")
+	testFormBindingForTimeFailLocation(t, "GET",
+		"/?time_foo=2017-11-15", "/?bar2=foo",
+		"", "")
+}
+
+func TestBindingFormInvalidName(t *testing.T) {
+	testFormBindingInvalidName(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"test_name=bar", "bar2=foo")
+}
+
+func TestBindingFormInvalidName2(t *testing.T) {
+	testFormBindingInvalidName2(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"map_foo=bar", "bar2=foo")
+}
+
+func TestBindingFormForType(t *testing.T) {
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"map_foo=", "bar2=1", "Map")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"slice_foo=1&slice_foo=2", "bar2=1&bar2=2", "Slice")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?slice_foo=1&slice_foo=2", "/?bar2=1&bar2=2",
+		"", "", "Slice")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"slice_map_foo=1&slice_map_foo=2", "bar2=1&bar2=2", "SliceMap")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?slice_map_foo=1&slice_map_foo=2", "/?bar2=1&bar2=2",
+		"", "", "SliceMap")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"int_foo=&int_bar=-12", "bar2=-123", "Int")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?int_foo=&int_bar=-12", "/?bar2=-123",
+		"", "", "Int")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"int8_foo=&int8_bar=-12", "bar2=-123", "Int8")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?int8_foo=&int8_bar=-12", "/?bar2=-123",
+		"", "", "Int8")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"int16_foo=&int16_bar=-12", "bar2=-123", "Int16")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?int16_foo=&int16_bar=-12", "/?bar2=-123",
+		"", "", "Int16")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"int32_foo=&int32_bar=-12", "bar2=-123", "Int32")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?int32_foo=&int32_bar=-12", "/?bar2=-123",
+		"", "", "Int32")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"int64_foo=&int64_bar=-12", "bar2=-123", "Int64")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?int64_foo=&int64_bar=-12", "/?bar2=-123",
+		"", "", "Int64")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"uint_foo=&uint_bar=12", "bar2=123", "Uint")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?uint_foo=&uint_bar=12", "/?bar2=123",
+		"", "", "Uint")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"uint8_foo=&uint8_bar=12", "bar2=123", "Uint8")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?uint8_foo=&uint8_bar=12", "/?bar2=123",
+		"", "", "Uint8")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"uint16_foo=&uint16_bar=12", "bar2=123", "Uint16")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?uint16_foo=&uint16_bar=12", "/?bar2=123",
+		"", "", "Uint16")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"uint32_foo=&uint32_bar=12", "bar2=123", "Uint32")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?uint32_foo=&uint32_bar=12", "/?bar2=123",
+		"", "", "Uint32")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"uint64_foo=&uint64_bar=12", "bar2=123", "Uint64")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?uint64_foo=&uint64_bar=12", "/?bar2=123",
+		"", "", "Uint64")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"bool_foo=&bool_bar=true", "bar2=true", "Bool")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?bool_foo=&bool_bar=true", "/?bar2=true",
+		"", "", "Bool")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"float32_foo=&float32_bar=-12.34", "bar2=12.3", "Float32")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?float32_foo=&float32_bar=-12.34", "/?bar2=12.3",
+		"", "", "Float32")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "POST",
+		"/", "/",
+		"float64_foo=&float64_bar=-12.34", "bar2=12.3", "Float64")
+
+	testFormBindingForType(t, "GET",
+		"/?float64_foo=&float64_bar=-12.34", "/?bar2=12.3",
+		"", "", "Float64")
+}
+
 func TestBindingQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	testQueryBinding(t, "POST",
 		"/?foo=bar&bar=foo", "/",
@ -96,6 +392,18 @@ func TestBindingQuery2(t *testing.T) {
 		"foo=unused", "")
 }

+func TestBindingQueryFail(t *testing.T) {
+	testQueryBindingFail(t, "POST",
+		"/?map_foo=", "/",
+		"map_foo=unused", "bar2=foo")
+}
+
+func TestBindingQueryFail2(t *testing.T) {
+	testQueryBindingFail(t, "GET",
+		"/?map_foo=", "/?bar2=foo",
+		"map_foo=unused", "")
+}
+
 func TestBindingXML(t *testing.T) {
 	testBodyBinding(t,
 		XML, "xml",
@ -103,6 +411,13 @@ func TestBindingXML(t *testing.T) {
 		"<map><foo>bar</foo></map>", "<map><bar>foo</bar></map>")
 }

+func TestBindingXMLFail(t *testing.T) {
+	testBodyBindingFail(t,
+		XML, "xml",
+		"/", "/",
+		"<map><foo>bar<foo></map>", "<map><bar>foo</bar></map>")
+}
+
 func createFormPostRequest() *http.Request {
 	req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "/?foo=getfoo&bar=getbar", bytes.NewBufferString("foo=bar&bar=foo"))
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
@ -115,6 +430,12 @@ func createDefaultFormPostRequest() *http.Request {
    return req
 }

+func createFormPostRequestFail() *http.Request {
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "/?map_foo=getfoo", bytes.NewBufferString("map_foo=bar"))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	return req
+}
+
 func createFormMultipartRequest() *http.Request {
 	boundary := "--testboundary"
 	body := new(bytes.Buffer)
@ -129,11 +450,25 @@ func createFormMultipartRequest() *http.Request {
 	return req
 }

+func createFormMultipartRequestFail() *http.Request {
+	boundary := "--testboundary"
+	body := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	mw := multipart.NewWriter(body)
+	defer mw.Close()
+
+	mw.SetBoundary(boundary)
+	mw.WriteField("map_foo", "bar")
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "/?map_foo=getfoo", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", MIMEMultipartPOSTForm+"; boundary="+boundary)
+	return req
+}
+
 func TestBindingFormPost(t *testing.T) {
 	req := createFormPostRequest()
 	var obj FooBarStruct
 	FormPost.Bind(req, &obj)

+	assert.Equal(t, FormPost.Name(), "form-urlencoded")
 	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
 	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
 }
@ -147,15 +482,30 @@ func TestBindingDefaultValueFormPost(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "hello")
 }

+func TestBindingFormPostFail(t *testing.T) {
+	req := createFormPostRequestFail()
+	var obj FooStructForMapType
+	err := FormPost.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func TestBindingFormMultipart(t *testing.T) {
 	req := createFormMultipartRequest()
 	var obj FooBarStruct
 	FormMultipart.Bind(req, &obj)

+	assert.Equal(t, FormMultipart.Name(), "multipart/form-data")
 	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
 	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
 }

+func TestBindingFormMultipartFail(t *testing.T) {
+	req := createFormMultipartRequestFail()
+	var obj FooStructForMapType
+	err := FormMultipart.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func TestBindingProtoBuf(t *testing.T) {
 	test := &example.Test{
 		Label: proto.String("yes"),
@ -168,6 +518,18 @@ func TestBindingProtoBuf(t *testing.T) {
 		string(data), string(data[1:]))
 }

+func TestBindingProtoBufFail(t *testing.T) {
+	test := &example.Test{
+		Label: proto.String("yes"),
+	}
+	data, _ := proto.Marshal(test)
+
+	testProtoBodyBindingFail(t,
+		ProtoBuf, "protobuf",
+		"/", "/",
+		string(data), string(data[1:]))
+}
+
 func TestBindingMsgPack(t *testing.T) {
 	test := FooStruct{
 		Foo: "bar",
@ -268,6 +630,328 @@ func testFormBindingDefaultValue(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badB
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }

+func TestFormBindingFail(t *testing.T) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := FooBarStruct{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestFormPostBindingFail(t *testing.T) {
+	b := FormPost
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form-urlencoded")
+
+	obj := FooBarStruct{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestFormMultipartBindingFail(t *testing.T) {
+	b := FormMultipart
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "multipart/form-data")
+
+	obj := FooBarStruct{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingForTime(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := FooBarStructForTimeType{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "hello")
+
+	obj = FooDefaultBarStruct{}
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeFoo.Unix(), int64(1510675200))
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeFoo.Location().String(), "Asia/Chongqing")
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeBar.Unix(), int64(-62135596800))
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeBar.Location().String(), "UTC")
+
+	obj = FooBarStructForTimeType{}
+	req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingForTimeNotFormat(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := FooStructForTimeTypeNotFormat{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	obj = FooStructForTimeTypeNotFormat{}
+	req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingForTimeFailFormat(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := FooStructForTimeTypeFailFormat{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	obj = FooStructForTimeTypeFailFormat{}
+	req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingForTimeFailLocation(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := FooStructForTimeTypeFailLocation{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	obj = FooStructForTimeTypeFailLocation{}
+	req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingInvalidName(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := InvalidNameType{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.TestName, "")
+
+	obj = InvalidNameType{}
+	req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingInvalidName2(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	obj := InvalidNameMapType{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	obj = InvalidNameMapType{}
+	req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testFormBindingForType(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string, typ string) {
+	b := Form
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "form")
+
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	switch typ {
+	case "Int":
+		obj := FooBarStructForIntType{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.IntFoo, int(0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.IntBar, int(-12))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForIntType{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Int8":
+		obj := FooBarStructForInt8Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int8Foo, int8(0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int8Bar, int8(-12))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForInt8Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Int16":
+		obj := FooBarStructForInt16Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int16Foo, int16(0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int16Bar, int16(-12))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForInt16Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Int32":
+		obj := FooBarStructForInt32Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int32Foo, int32(0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int32Bar, int32(-12))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForInt32Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Int64":
+		obj := FooBarStructForInt64Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int64Foo, int64(0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Int64Bar, int64(-12))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForInt64Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Uint":
+		obj := FooBarStructForUintType{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.UintFoo, uint(0x0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.UintBar, uint(0xc))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForUintType{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Uint8":
+		obj := FooBarStructForUint8Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint8Foo, uint8(0x0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint8Bar, uint8(0xc))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForUint8Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Uint16":
+		obj := FooBarStructForUint16Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint16Foo, uint16(0x0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint16Bar, uint16(0xc))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForUint16Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Uint32":
+		obj := FooBarStructForUint32Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint32Foo, uint32(0x0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint32Bar, uint32(0xc))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForUint32Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Uint64":
+		obj := FooBarStructForUint64Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint64Foo, uint64(0x0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Uint64Bar, uint64(0xc))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForUint64Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Float32":
+		obj := FooBarStructForFloat32Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Float32Foo, float32(0.0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Float32Bar, float32(-12.34))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForFloat32Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Float64":
+		obj := FooBarStructForFloat64Type{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Float64Foo, float64(0.0))
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.Float64Bar, float64(-12.34))
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForFloat64Type{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Bool":
+		obj := FooBarStructForBoolType{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.BoolFoo, false)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.BoolBar, true)
+
+		obj = FooBarStructForBoolType{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Slice":
+		obj := FooStructForSliceType{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, obj.SliceFoo, []int{1, 2})
+
+		obj = FooStructForSliceType{}
+		req = requestWithBody(method, badPath, badBody)
+		err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "Map":
+		obj := FooStructForMapType{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	case "SliceMap":
+		obj := FooStructForSliceMapType{}
+		err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func testQueryBinding(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
 	b := Query
 	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "query")
@ -283,6 +967,19 @@ func testQueryBinding(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string)
 	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
 }

+func testQueryBindingFail(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	b := Query
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), "query")
+
+	obj := FooStructForMapType{}
+	req := requestWithBody(method, path, body)
+	if method == "POST" {
+		req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)
+	}
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func testBodyBinding(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
 	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)

@ -298,6 +995,58 @@ func testBodyBinding(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }

+func testBodyBindingUseNumber(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)
+
+	obj := FooStructUseNumber{}
+	req := requestWithBody("POST", path, body)
+	EnableDecoderUseNumber = true
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	// we hope it is int64(123)
+	v, e := obj.Foo.(json.Number).Int64()
+	assert.NoError(t, e)
+	assert.Equal(t, v, int64(123))
+
+	obj = FooStructUseNumber{}
+	req = requestWithBody("POST", badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testBodyBindingUseNumber2(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)
+
+	obj := FooStructUseNumber{}
+	req := requestWithBody("POST", path, body)
+	EnableDecoderUseNumber = false
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	// it will return float64(123) if not use EnableDecoderUseNumber
+	// maybe it is not hoped
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, float64(123))
+
+	obj = FooStructUseNumber{}
+	req = requestWithBody("POST", badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func testBodyBindingFail(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)
+
+	obj := FooStruct{}
+	req := requestWithBody("POST", path, body)
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "")
+
+	obj = FooStruct{}
+	req = requestWithBody("POST", badPath, badBody)
+	err = JSON.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func testProtoBodyBinding(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
 	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)

@ -315,6 +1064,30 @@ func testProtoBodyBinding(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, ba
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }

+type hook struct{}
+
+func (h hook) Read([]byte) (int, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("error")
+}
+
+func testProtoBodyBindingFail(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
+	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)
+
+	obj := example.Test{}
+	req := requestWithBody("POST", path, body)
+
+	req.Body = ioutil.NopCloser(&hook{})
+	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPROTOBUF)
+	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	obj = example.Test{}
+	req = requestWithBody("POST", badPath, badBody)
+	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPROTOBUF)
+	err = ProtoBuf.Bind(req, &obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func testMsgPackBodyBinding(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
 	assert.Equal(t, b.Name(), name)

--- a/binding/default_validator.go
+++ b/binding/default_validator.go
@ -28,9 +28,13 @@ func (v *defaultValidator) ValidateStruct(obj interface{}) error {
 	return nil
 }

-func (v *defaultValidator) RegisterValidation(key string, fn validator.Func) error {
+// Engine returns the underlying validator engine which powers the default
+// Validator instance. This is useful if you want to register custom validations
+// or struct level validations. See validator GoDoc for more info -
+// https://godoc.org/gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8
+func (v *defaultValidator) Engine() interface{} {
 	v.lazyinit()
-	return v.validate.RegisterValidation(key, fn)
+	return v.validate
 }

 func (v *defaultValidator) lazyinit() {
--- a/binding/form_mapping.go
+++ b/binding/form_mapping.go
@ -194,12 +194,3 @@ func setTimeField(val string, structField reflect.StructField, value reflect.Val
 	value.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t))
 	return nil
 }
-
-// Don't pass in pointers to bind to. Can lead to bugs. See:
-// https://github.com/codegangsta/martini-contrib/issues/40
-// https://github.com/codegangsta/martini-contrib/pull/34#issuecomment-29683659
-func ensureNotPointer(obj interface{}) {
-	if reflect.TypeOf(obj).Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		panic("Pointers are not accepted as binding models")
-	}
-}
--- a/binding/json.go
+++ b/binding/json.go
@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/json"
 )

-var (
-	EnableDecoderUseNumber = false
-)
+// EnableDecoderUseNumber is used to call the UseNumber method on the JSON
+// Decoder instance. UseNumber causes the Decoder to unmarshal a number into an
+// interface{} as a Number instead of as a float64.
+var EnableDecoderUseNumber = false

 type jsonBinding struct{}

--- a/binding/query.go
+++ b/binding/query.go
@ -4,9 +4,7 @@

 package binding

-import (
-	"net/http"
-)
+import "net/http"

 type queryBinding struct{}

--- a/binding/validate_test.go
+++ b/binding/validate_test.go
@ -10,9 +10,8 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"

-	validator "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
-
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
 )

 type testInterface interface {
@ -215,11 +214,14 @@ func notOne(
 	return false
 }

-func TestRegisterValidation(t *testing.T) {
+func TestValidatorEngine(t *testing.T) {
 	// This validates that the function `notOne` matches
 	// the expected function signature by `defaultValidator`
 	// and by extension the validator library.
-	err := Validator.RegisterValidation("notone", notOne)
+	engine, ok := Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate)
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+
+	err := engine.RegisterValidation("notone", notOne)
 	// Check that we can register custom validation without error
 	assert.Nil(t, err)

@ -229,6 +231,6 @@ func TestRegisterValidation(t *testing.T) {

 	// Check that we got back non-nil errs
 	assert.NotNil(t, errs)
-	// Check that the error matches expactation
+	// Check that the error matches expectation
 	assert.Error(t, errs, "", "", "notone")
 }
--- a/context.go
+++ b/context.go
@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ const (
 	MIMEMultipartPOSTForm = binding.MIMEMultipartPOSTForm
 )

-const (
-	abortIndex int8 = math.MaxInt8 / 2
-)
+const abortIndex int8 = math.MaxInt8 / 2

 // Context is the most important part of gin. It allows us to pass variables between middleware,
 // manage the flow, validate the JSON of a request and render a JSON response for example.
@ -105,8 +103,7 @@ func (c *Context) Handler() HandlerFunc {
 // See example in GitHub.
 func (c *Context) Next() {
 	c.index++
-	s := int8(len(c.handlers))
-	for ; c.index < s; c.index++ {
+	for s := int8(len(c.handlers)); c.index < s; c.index++ {
 		c.handlers[c.index](c)
 	}
 }
@ -452,10 +449,10 @@ func (c *Context) SaveUploadedFile(file *multipart.FileHeader, dst string) error
 // Depending the "Content-Type" header different bindings are used:
 //     "application/json" --> JSON binding
 //     "application/xml"  --> XML binding
-// otherwise --> returns an error
+// otherwise --> returns an error.
 // It parses the request's body as JSON if Content-Type == "application/json" using JSON or XML as a JSON input.
 // It decodes the json payload into the struct specified as a pointer.
-// It will writes a 400 error and sets Content-Type header "text/plain" in the response if input is not valid.
+// It writes a 400 error and sets Content-Type header "text/plain" in the response if input is not valid.
 func (c *Context) Bind(obj interface{}) error {
 	b := binding.Default(c.Request.Method, c.ContentType())
 	return c.MustBindWith(obj, b)
@ -521,11 +518,11 @@ func (c *Context) ClientIP() string {
 			clientIP = clientIP[0:index]
 		}
 		clientIP = strings.TrimSpace(clientIP)
-		if len(clientIP) > 0 {
+		if clientIP != "" {
 			return clientIP
 		}
 		clientIP = strings.TrimSpace(c.requestHeader("X-Real-Ip"))
-		if len(clientIP) > 0 {
+		if clientIP != "" {
 			return clientIP
 		}
 	}
@ -588,7 +585,7 @@ func (c *Context) Status(code int) {
 // It writes a header in the response.
 // If value == "", this method removes the header `c.Writer.Header().Del(key)`
 func (c *Context) Header(key, value string) {
-	if len(value) == 0 {
+	if value == "" {
 		c.Writer.Header().Del(key)
 	} else {
 		c.Writer.Header().Set(key, value)
--- a/context_test.go
+++ b/context_test.go
@ -180,14 +180,14 @@ func TestContextSetGet(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Set("foo", "bar")

 	value, err := c.Get("foo")
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", value)
 	assert.True(t, err)

 	value, err = c.Get("foo2")
 	assert.Nil(t, value)
 	assert.False(t, err)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.MustGet("foo"), "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.MustGet("foo"))
 	assert.Panics(t, func() { c.MustGet("no_exist") })
 }

@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func TestContextGetString(t *testing.T) {
 func TestContextSetGetBool(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
 	c.Set("bool", true)
-	assert.Equal(t, true, c.GetBool("bool"))
+	assert.True(t, c.GetBool("bool"))
 }

 func TestContextGetInt(t *testing.T) {
@ -338,26 +338,26 @@ func TestContextQuery(t *testing.T) {

 	value, ok := c.GetQuery("foo")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultQuery("foo", "none"), "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Query("foo"), "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", value)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.DefaultQuery("foo", "none"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.Query("foo"))

 	value, ok = c.GetQuery("page")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "10")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultQuery("page", "0"), "10")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Query("page"), "10")
+	assert.Equal(t, "10", value)
+	assert.Equal(t, "10", c.DefaultQuery("page", "0"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "10", c.Query("page"))

 	value, ok = c.GetQuery("id")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
 	assert.Empty(t, value)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultQuery("id", "nada"), "")
+	assert.Empty(t, c.DefaultQuery("id", "nada"))
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Query("id"))

 	value, ok = c.GetQuery("NoKey")
 	assert.False(t, ok)
 	assert.Empty(t, value)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultQuery("NoKey", "nada"), "nada")
+	assert.Equal(t, "nada", c.DefaultQuery("NoKey", "nada"))
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Query("NoKey"))

 	// postform should not mess
@ -373,29 +373,29 @@ func TestContextQueryAndPostForm(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/?both=GET&id=main&id=omit&array[]=first&array[]=second", body)
 	c.Request.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPOSTForm)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("foo", "none"), "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.PostForm("foo"), "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.DefaultPostForm("foo", "none"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.PostForm("foo"))
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Query("foo"))

 	value, ok := c.GetPostForm("page")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "11")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("page", "0"), "11")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.PostForm("page"), "11")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Query("page"), "")
+	assert.Equal(t, "11", value)
+	assert.Equal(t, "11", c.DefaultPostForm("page", "0"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "11", c.PostForm("page"))
+	assert.Empty(t, c.Query("page"))

 	value, ok = c.GetPostForm("both")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
 	assert.Empty(t, value)
 	assert.Empty(t, c.PostForm("both"))
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("both", "nothing"), "")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Query("both"), "GET")
+	assert.Empty(t, c.DefaultPostForm("both", "nothing"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "GET", c.Query("both"), "GET")

 	value, ok = c.GetQuery("id")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "main")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("id", "000"), "000")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Query("id"), "main")
+	assert.Equal(t, "main", value)
+	assert.Equal(t, "000", c.DefaultPostForm("id", "000"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "main", c.Query("id"))
 	assert.Empty(t, c.PostForm("id"))

 	value, ok = c.GetQuery("NoKey")
@ -404,8 +404,8 @@ func TestContextQueryAndPostForm(t *testing.T) {
 	value, ok = c.GetPostForm("NoKey")
 	assert.False(t, ok)
 	assert.Empty(t, value)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("NoKey", "nada"), "nada")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultQuery("NoKey", "nothing"), "nothing")
+	assert.Equal(t, "nada", c.DefaultPostForm("NoKey", "nada"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "nothing", c.DefaultQuery("NoKey", "nothing"))
 	assert.Empty(t, c.PostForm("NoKey"))
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Query("NoKey"))

@ -417,11 +417,11 @@ func TestContextQueryAndPostForm(t *testing.T) {
 		Array []string `form:"array[]"`
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, c.Bind(&obj))
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.ID, "main")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Page, 11)
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Both, "")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Array, []string{"first", "second"})
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo, "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "main", obj.ID, "main")
+	assert.Equal(t, 11, obj.Page, 11)
+	assert.Empty(t, obj.Both)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"first", "second"}, obj.Array)

 	values, ok := c.GetQueryArray("array[]")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
@ -456,37 +456,37 @@ func TestContextPostFormMultipart(t *testing.T) {
 		BlankTime    time.Time `form:"blank_time" time_format:"02/01/2006 15:04"`
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, c.Bind(&obj))
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "10")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.BarAsInt, 10)
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Array, []string{"first", "second"})
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.ID, "")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeLocal.Format("02/01/2006 15:04"), "31/12/2016 14:55")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeLocal.Location(), time.Local)
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeUTC.Format("02/01/2006 15:04"), "31/12/2016 14:55")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeUTC.Location(), time.UTC)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
+	assert.Equal(t, "10", obj.Bar)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, obj.BarAsInt)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"first", "second"}, obj.Array)
+	assert.Empty(t, obj.ID)
+	assert.Equal(t, "31/12/2016 14:55", obj.TimeLocal.Format("02/01/2006 15:04"))
+	assert.Equal(t, time.Local, obj.TimeLocal.Location())
+	assert.Equal(t, "31/12/2016 14:55", obj.TimeUTC.Format("02/01/2006 15:04"))
+	assert.Equal(t, time.UTC, obj.TimeUTC.Location())
 	loc, _ := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Tokyo")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeLocation.Format("02/01/2006 15:04"), "31/12/2016 14:55")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.TimeLocation.Location(), loc)
+	assert.Equal(t, "31/12/2016 14:55", obj.TimeLocation.Format("02/01/2006 15:04"))
+	assert.Equal(t, loc, obj.TimeLocation.Location())
 	assert.True(t, obj.BlankTime.IsZero())

 	value, ok := c.GetQuery("foo")
 	assert.False(t, ok)
 	assert.Empty(t, value)
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Query("bar"))
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultQuery("id", "nothing"), "nothing")
+	assert.Equal(t, "nothing", c.DefaultQuery("id", "nothing"))

 	value, ok = c.GetPostForm("foo")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.PostForm("foo"), "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", value)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.PostForm("foo"))

 	value, ok = c.GetPostForm("array")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, value, "first")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.PostForm("array"), "first")
+	assert.Equal(t, "first", value)
+	assert.Equal(t, "first", c.PostForm("array"))

-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("bar", "nothing"), "10")
+	assert.Equal(t, "10", c.DefaultPostForm("bar", "nothing"))

 	value, ok = c.GetPostForm("id")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ func TestContextPostFormMultipart(t *testing.T) {
 	value, ok = c.GetPostForm("nokey")
 	assert.False(t, ok)
 	assert.Empty(t, value)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.DefaultPostForm("nokey", "nothing"), "nothing")
+	assert.Equal(t, "nothing", c.DefaultPostForm("nokey", "nothing"))

 	values, ok := c.GetPostFormArray("array")
 	assert.True(t, ok)
@ -519,13 +519,13 @@ func TestContextPostFormMultipart(t *testing.T) {
 func TestContextSetCookie(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
 	c.SetCookie("user", "gin", 1, "/", "localhost", true, true)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Header().Get("Set-Cookie"), "user=gin; Path=/; Domain=localhost; Max-Age=1; HttpOnly; Secure")
+	assert.Equal(t, "user=gin; Path=/; Domain=localhost; Max-Age=1; HttpOnly; Secure", c.Writer.Header().Get("Set-Cookie"))
 }

 func TestContextSetCookiePathEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
 	c.SetCookie("user", "gin", 1, "", "localhost", true, true)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Header().Get("Set-Cookie"), "user=gin; Path=/; Domain=localhost; Max-Age=1; HttpOnly; Secure")
+	assert.Equal(t, "user=gin; Path=/; Domain=localhost; Max-Age=1; HttpOnly; Secure", c.Writer.Header().Get("Set-Cookie"))
 }

 func TestContextGetCookie(t *testing.T) {
@ -533,17 +533,17 @@ func TestContextGetCookie(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("GET", "/get", nil)
 	c.Request.Header.Set("Cookie", "user=gin")
 	cookie, _ := c.Cookie("user")
-	assert.Equal(t, cookie, "gin")
+	assert.Equal(t, "gin", cookie)

 	_, err := c.Cookie("nokey")
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }

 func TestContextBodyAllowedForStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, false, bodyAllowedForStatus(102))
-	assert.Equal(t, false, bodyAllowedForStatus(204))
-	assert.Equal(t, false, bodyAllowedForStatus(304))
-	assert.Equal(t, true, bodyAllowedForStatus(500))
+	assert.False(t, false, bodyAllowedForStatus(102))
+	assert.False(t, false, bodyAllowedForStatus(204))
+	assert.False(t, false, bodyAllowedForStatus(304))
+	assert.True(t, true, bodyAllowedForStatus(500))
 }

 type TestPanicRender struct {
@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	c.JSON(204, H{"foo": "bar"})

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentAPIJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	c.JSON(204, H{"foo": "bar"})

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "application/vnd.api+json")
 }

@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ func TestContextRenderIndentedJSON(t *testing.T) {

 	c.IndentedJSON(201, H{"foo": "bar", "bar": "foo", "nested": H{"foo": "bar"}})

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "{\n    \"bar\": \"foo\",\n    \"foo\": \"bar\",\n    \"nested\": {\n        \"foo\": \"bar\"\n    }\n}", w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }
@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentIndentedJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	c.IndentedJSON(204, H{"foo": "bar", "bar": "foo", "nested": H{"foo": "bar"}})

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

@ -654,9 +654,9 @@ func TestContextRenderSecureJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	router.SecureJsonPrefix("&&&START&&&")
 	c.SecureJSON(201, []string{"foo", "bar"})

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "&&&START&&&[\"foo\",\"bar\"]")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "&&&START&&&[\"foo\",\"bar\"]", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that no Custom JSON is rendered if code is 204
@ -667,8 +667,8 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentSecureJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	c.SecureJSON(204, []string{"foo", "bar"})

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that the response executes the templates
@ -676,14 +676,39 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentSecureJSON(t *testing.T) {
 func TestContextRenderHTML(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	c, router := CreateTestContext(w)
+
 	templ := template.Must(template.New("t").Parse(`Hello {{.name}}`))
 	router.SetHTMLTemplate(templ)

 	c.HTML(201, "t", H{"name": "alexandernyquist"})

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "Hello alexandernyquist")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Hello alexandernyquist", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
+}
+
+func TestContextRenderHTML2(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, router := CreateTestContext(w)
+
+	// print debug warning log when Engine.trees > 0
+	router.addRoute("GET", "/", HandlersChain{func(_ *Context) {}})
+	assert.Len(t, router.trees, 1)
+
+	var b bytes.Buffer
+	setup(&b)
+	defer teardown()
+
+	templ := template.Must(template.New("t").Parse(`Hello {{.name}}`))
+	router.SetHTMLTemplate(templ)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Since SetHTMLTemplate() is NOT thread-safe. It should only be called\nat initialization. ie. before any route is registered or the router is listening in a socket:\n\n\trouter := gin.Default()\n\trouter.SetHTMLTemplate(template) // << good place\n\n", b.String())
+
+	c.HTML(201, "t", H{"name": "alexandernyquist"})
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Hello alexandernyquist", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that no HTML is rendered if code is 204
@ -696,8 +721,8 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentHTML(t *testing.T) {
 	c.HTML(204, "t", H{"name": "alexandernyquist"})

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // TestContextXML tests that the response is serialized as XML
@ -708,9 +733,9 @@ func TestContextRenderXML(t *testing.T) {

 	c.XML(201, H{"foo": "bar"})

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "<map><foo>bar</foo></map>")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "application/xml; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<map><foo>bar</foo></map>", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/xml; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that no XML is rendered if code is 204
@ -721,8 +746,8 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentXML(t *testing.T) {
 	c.XML(204, H{"foo": "bar"})

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "application/xml; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/xml; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // TestContextString tests that the response is returned
@ -733,9 +758,9 @@ func TestContextRenderString(t *testing.T) {

 	c.String(201, "test %s %d", "string", 2)

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "test string 2")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "test string 2", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that no String is rendered if code is 204
@ -746,8 +771,8 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentString(t *testing.T) {
 	c.String(204, "test %s %d", "string", 2)

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // TestContextString tests that the response is returned
@ -759,9 +784,9 @@ func TestContextRenderHTMLString(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
 	c.String(201, "<html>%s %d</html>", "string", 3)

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "<html>string 3</html>")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<html>string 3</html>", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that no HTML String is rendered if code is 204
@ -773,8 +798,8 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentHTMLString(t *testing.T) {
 	c.String(204, "<html>%s %d</html>", "string", 3)

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // TestContextData tests that the response can be written from `bytesting`
@ -785,9 +810,9 @@ func TestContextRenderData(t *testing.T) {

 	c.Data(201, "text/csv", []byte(`foo,bar`))

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "foo,bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/csv")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo,bar", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/csv", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // Tests that no Custom Data is rendered if code is 204
@ -798,8 +823,8 @@ func TestContextRenderNoContentData(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Data(204, "text/csv", []byte(`foo,bar`))

 	assert.Equal(t, 204, w.Code)
-	assert.Equal(t, "", w.Body.String())
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/csv")
+	assert.Empty(t, w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/csv", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 func TestContextRenderSSE(t *testing.T) {
@ -826,9 +851,9 @@ func TestContextRenderFile(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
 	c.File("./gin.go")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "func New() *Engine {")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // TestContextRenderYAML tests that the response is serialized as YAML
@ -839,9 +864,9 @@ func TestContextRenderYAML(t *testing.T) {

 	c.YAML(201, H{"foo": "bar"})

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "foo: bar\n")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "application/x-yaml; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo: bar\n", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/x-yaml; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 func TestContextHeaders(t *testing.T) {
@ -849,13 +874,13 @@ func TestContextHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/plain")
 	c.Header("X-Custom", "value")

-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Header().Get("X-Custom"), "value")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain", c.Writer.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "value", c.Writer.Header().Get("X-Custom"))

 	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html")
 	c.Header("X-Custom", "")

-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/html")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html", c.Writer.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
 	_, exist := c.Writer.Header()["X-Custom"]
 	assert.False(t, exist)
 }
@ -871,8 +896,8 @@ func TestContextRenderRedirectWithRelativePath(t *testing.T) {

 	c.Redirect(301, "/path")
 	c.Writer.WriteHeaderNow()
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 301)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/path")
+	assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/path", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 }

 func TestContextRenderRedirectWithAbsolutePath(t *testing.T) {
@ -883,8 +908,8 @@ func TestContextRenderRedirectWithAbsolutePath(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Redirect(302, "http://google.com")
 	c.Writer.WriteHeaderNow()

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 302)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "http://google.com")
+	assert.Equal(t, 302, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "http://google.com", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 }

 func TestContextRenderRedirectWith201(t *testing.T) {
@ -895,8 +920,8 @@ func TestContextRenderRedirectWith201(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Redirect(201, "/resource")
 	c.Writer.WriteHeaderNow()

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 201)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/resource")
+	assert.Equal(t, 201, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/resource", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 }

 func TestContextRenderRedirectAll(t *testing.T) {
@ -977,8 +1002,8 @@ func TestContextNegotiationFormat(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "", nil)

 	assert.Panics(t, func() { c.NegotiateFormat() })
-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML), MIMEJSON)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEHTML, MIMEJSON), MIMEHTML)
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEJSON, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML))
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEHTML, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEHTML, MIMEJSON))
 }

 func TestContextNegotiationFormatWithAccept(t *testing.T) {
@ -986,9 +1011,9 @@ func TestContextNegotiationFormatWithAccept(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
 	c.Request.Header.Add("Accept", "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8")

-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML), MIMEXML)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEXML, MIMEHTML), MIMEHTML)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON), "")
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEXML, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML))
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEHTML, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEXML, MIMEHTML))
+	assert.Empty(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON))
 }

 func TestContextNegotiationFormatCustum(t *testing.T) {
@ -999,9 +1024,9 @@ func TestContextNegotiationFormatCustum(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Accepted = nil
 	c.SetAccepted(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML), MIMEJSON)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEXML, MIMEHTML), MIMEXML)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON), MIMEJSON)
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEJSON, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON, MIMEXML))
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEXML, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEXML, MIMEHTML))
+	assert.Equal(t, MIMEJSON, c.NegotiateFormat(MIMEJSON))
 }

 func TestContextIsAborted(t *testing.T) {
@ -1027,9 +1052,9 @@ func TestContextAbortWithStatus(t *testing.T) {
 	c.index = 4
 	c.AbortWithStatus(401)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.index, abortIndex)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Status(), 401)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 401)
+	assert.Equal(t, abortIndex, c.index)
+	assert.Equal(t, 401, c.Writer.Status())
+	assert.Equal(t, 401, w.Code)
 	assert.True(t, c.IsAborted())
 }

@ -1049,13 +1074,13 @@ func TestContextAbortWithStatusJSON(t *testing.T) {

 	c.AbortWithStatusJSON(415, in)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.index, abortIndex)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Writer.Status(), 415)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 415)
+	assert.Equal(t, abortIndex, c.index)
+	assert.Equal(t, 415, c.Writer.Status())
+	assert.Equal(t, 415, w.Code)
 	assert.True(t, c.IsAborted())

 	contentType := w.Header().Get("Content-Type")
-	assert.Equal(t, contentType, "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", contentType)

 	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	buf.ReadFrom(w.Body)
@ -1069,7 +1094,7 @@ func TestContextError(t *testing.T) {

 	c.Error(errors.New("first error"))
 	assert.Len(t, c.Errors, 1)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors.String(), "Error #01: first error\n")
+	assert.Equal(t, "Error #01: first error\n", c.Errors.String())

 	c.Error(&Error{
 		Err:  errors.New("second error"),
@ -1078,13 +1103,13 @@ func TestContextError(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 	assert.Len(t, c.Errors, 2)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors[0].Err, errors.New("first error"))
+	assert.Equal(t, errors.New("first error"), c.Errors[0].Err)
 	assert.Nil(t, c.Errors[0].Meta)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors[0].Type, ErrorTypePrivate)
+	assert.Equal(t, ErrorTypePrivate, c.Errors[0].Type)

-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors[1].Err, errors.New("second error"))
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors[1].Meta, "some data 2")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors[1].Type, ErrorTypePublic)
+	assert.Equal(t, errors.New("second error"), c.Errors[1].Err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "some data 2", c.Errors[1].Meta)
+	assert.Equal(t, ErrorTypePublic, c.Errors[1].Type)

 	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors.Last(), c.Errors[1])

@ -1102,12 +1127,12 @@ func TestContextTypedError(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Error(errors.New("interno 0")).SetType(ErrorTypePrivate)

 	for _, err := range c.Errors.ByType(ErrorTypePublic) {
-		assert.Equal(t, err.Type, ErrorTypePublic)
+		assert.Equal(t, ErrorTypePublic, err.Type)
 	}
 	for _, err := range c.Errors.ByType(ErrorTypePrivate) {
-		assert.Equal(t, err.Type, ErrorTypePrivate)
+		assert.Equal(t, ErrorTypePrivate, err.Type)
 	}
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Errors.Errors(), []string{"externo 0", "interno 0"})
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"externo 0", "interno 0"}, c.Errors.Errors())
 }

 func TestContextAbortWithError(t *testing.T) {
@ -1116,8 +1141,8 @@ func TestContextAbortWithError(t *testing.T) {

 	c.AbortWithError(401, errors.New("bad input")).SetMeta("some input")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 401)
-	assert.Equal(t, c.index, abortIndex)
+	assert.Equal(t, 401, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, abortIndex, c.index)
 	assert.True(t, c.IsAborted())
 }

@ -1148,7 +1173,7 @@ func TestContextClientIP(t *testing.T) {

 	// no port
 	c.Request.RemoteAddr = "50.50.50.50"
-	assert.Equal(t, "", c.ClientIP())
+	assert.Empty(t, c.ClientIP())
 }

 func TestContextContentType(t *testing.T) {
@ -1156,7 +1181,7 @@ func TestContextContentType(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
 	c.Request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")

-	assert.Equal(t, c.ContentType(), "application/json")
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/json", c.ContentType())
 }

 func TestContextAutoBindJSON(t *testing.T) {
@ -1169,8 +1194,8 @@ func TestContextAutoBindJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		Bar string `json:"bar"`
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, c.Bind(&obj))
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo", obj.Bar)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Errors)
 }

@ -1186,9 +1211,9 @@ func TestContextBindWithJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		Bar string `json:"bar"`
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, c.BindJSON(&obj))
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.Len(), 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo", obj.Bar)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.Body.Len())
 }

 func TestContextBindWithQuery(t *testing.T) {
@ -1224,7 +1249,7 @@ func TestContextBadAutoBind(t *testing.T) {

 	assert.Empty(t, obj.Bar)
 	assert.Empty(t, obj.Foo)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 400)
+	assert.Equal(t, 400, w.Code)
 	assert.True(t, c.IsAborted())
 }

@ -1238,8 +1263,8 @@ func TestContextAutoShouldBindJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		Bar string `json:"bar"`
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, c.ShouldBind(&obj))
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo", obj.Bar)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
 	assert.Empty(t, c.Errors)
 }

@ -1255,9 +1280,9 @@ func TestContextShouldBindWithJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		Bar string `json:"bar"`
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, c.ShouldBindJSON(&obj))
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Bar, "foo")
-	assert.Equal(t, obj.Foo, "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.Len(), 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo", obj.Bar)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.Body.Len())
 }

 func TestContextShouldBindWithQuery(t *testing.T) {
@ -1307,7 +1332,7 @@ func TestContextGolangContext(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Nil(t, c.Value("foo"))

 	c.Set("foo", "bar")
-	assert.Equal(t, c.Value("foo"), "bar")
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", c.Value("foo"))
 	assert.Nil(t, c.Value(1))
 }

@ -1339,7 +1364,7 @@ func TestGetRequestHeaderValue(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Request.Header.Set("Gin-Version", "1.0.0")

 	assert.Equal(t, "1.0.0", c.GetHeader("Gin-Version"))
-	assert.Equal(t, "", c.GetHeader("Connection"))
+	assert.Empty(t, c.GetHeader("Connection"))
 }

 func TestContextGetRawData(t *testing.T) {
--- a/coverage.sh
+++ b/coverage.sh
@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -e
+
+echo "mode: count" > coverage.out
+
+for d in $(go list ./... | grep -E 'gin$|binding$|render$'); do
+    go test -v -covermode=count -coverprofile=profile.out $d
+    if [ -f profile.out ]; then
+        cat profile.out | grep -v "mode:" >> coverage.out
+        rm profile.out
+    fi
+done
--- a/debug.go
+++ b/debug.go
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func init() {
 }

 // IsDebugging returns true if the framework is running in debug mode.
-// Use SetMode(gin.Release) to disable debug mode.
+// Use SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode) to disable debug mode.
 func IsDebugging() bool {
 	return ginMode == debugCode
 }
--- a/deprecated_test.go
+++ b/deprecated_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2014 Manu Martinez-Almeida.  All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gin
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestBindWith(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := CreateTestContext(w)
+
+	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/?foo=bar&bar=foo", bytes.NewBufferString("foo=unused"))
+
+	var obj struct {
+		Foo string `form:"foo"`
+		Bar string `form:"bar"`
+	}
+	assert.NoError(t, c.BindWith(&obj, binding.Form))
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo", obj.Bar)
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.Body.Len())
+}
--- a/errors.go
+++ b/errors.go
@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ func (a errorMsgs) String() string {
 	}
 	var buffer bytes.Buffer
 	for i, msg := range a {
-		fmt.Fprintf(&buffer, "Error #%02d: %s\n", (i + 1), msg.Err)
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buffer, "Error #%02d: %s\n", i+1, msg.Err)
 		if msg.Meta != nil {
 			fmt.Fprintf(&buffer, "     Meta: %v\n", msg.Meta)
 		}
--- a/examples/auto-tls/example1/main.go
+++ b/examples/auto-tls/example1/main.go
--- a/examples/auto-tls/example2/main.go
+++ b/examples/auto-tls/example2/main.go
--- a/examples/basic/main.go
+++ b/examples/basic/main.go
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (

 var DB = make(map[string]string)

-func main() {
+func setupRouter() *gin.Engine {
 	// Disable Console Color
 	// gin.DisableConsoleColor()
 	r := gin.Default()
@ -53,6 +53,11 @@ func main() {
 		}
 	})

+	return r
+}
+
+func main() {
+	r := setupRouter()
 	// Listen and Server in 0.0.0.0:8080
 	r.Run(":8080")
 }
--- a/examples/basic/main_test.go
+++ b/examples/basic/main_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestPingRoute(t *testing.T) {
+	router := setupRouter()
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/ping", nil)
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "pong", w.Body.String())
+}
--- a/examples/custom-validation/server.go
+++ b/examples/custom-validation/server.go
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
-	validator "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
+	"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
 )

 type Booking struct {
@ -30,7 +30,11 @@ func bookableDate(

 func main() {
 	route := gin.Default()
-	binding.Validator.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
+
+	if v, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate); ok {
+		v.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
+	}
+
 	route.GET("/bookable", getBookable)
 	route.Run(":8085")
 }
--- a/examples/graceful-shutdown/graceful-shutdown/server.go
+++ b/examples/graceful-shutdown/graceful-shutdown/server.go
@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ func main() {

 	go func() {
 		// service connections
-		if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil {
-			log.Printf("listen: %s\n", err)
+		if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Fatalf("listen: %s\n", err)
 		}
 	}()

--- a/examples/realtime-advanced/stats.go
+++ b/examples/realtime-advanced/stats.go
@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ func statsWorker() {
 			"timestamp":  uint64(time.Now().Unix()),
 			"HeapInuse":  stats.HeapInuse,
 			"StackInuse": stats.StackInuse,
-			"Mallocs":    (stats.Mallocs - lastMallocs),
-			"Frees":      (stats.Frees - lastFrees),
+			"Mallocs":    stats.Mallocs - lastMallocs,
+			"Frees":      stats.Frees - lastFrees,
 			"Inbound":    uint64(messages.Get("inbound")),
 			"Outbound":   uint64(messages.Get("outbound")),
 			"Connected":  connectedUsers(),
--- a/examples/struct-lvl-validations/README.md
+++ b/examples/struct-lvl-validations/README.md
@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+## Struct level validations
+
+Validations can also be registered at the `struct` level when field level validations
+don't make much sense. This can also be used to solve cross-field validation elegantly.
+Additionally, it can be combined with tag validations. Struct Level validations run after
+the structs tag validations.
+
+### Example requests
+
+```shell
+# Validation errors are generated for struct tags as well as at the struct level
+$ curl -s -X POST http://localhost:8085/user \
+	-H 'content-type: application/json' \
+	-d '{}' | jq
+{
+  "error": "Key: 'User.Email' Error:Field validation for 'Email' failed on the 'required' tag\nKey: 'User.FirstName' Error:Field validation for 'FirstName' failed on the 'fnameorlname' tag\nKey: 'User.LastName' Error:Field validation for 'LastName' failed on the 'fnameorlname' tag",
+  "message": "User validation failed!"
+}
+
+# Validation fails at the struct level because neither first name nor last name are present
+$ curl -s -X POST http://localhost:8085/user \
+    -H 'content-type: application/json' \
+	-d '{"email": "george@vandaley.com"}' | jq
+{
+  "error": "Key: 'User.FirstName' Error:Field validation for 'FirstName' failed on the 'fnameorlname' tag\nKey: 'User.LastName' Error:Field validation for 'LastName' failed on the 'fnameorlname' tag",
+  "message": "User validation failed!"
+}
+
+# No validation errors when either first name or last name is present
+$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8085/user \
+    -H 'content-type: application/json' \
+	-d '{"fname": "George", "email": "george@vandaley.com"}'
+{"message":"User validation successful."}
+
+$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8085/user \
+    -H 'content-type: application/json' \
+	-d '{"lname": "Contanza", "email": "george@vandaley.com"}'
+{"message":"User validation successful."}
+
+$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8085/user \
+    -H 'content-type: application/json' \
+	-d '{"fname": "George", "lname": "Costanza", "email": "george@vandaley.com"}'
+{"message":"User validation successful."}
+```
+
+### Useful links
+
+- Validator docs - https://godoc.org/gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8#Validate.RegisterStructValidation
+- Struct level example - https://github.com/go-playground/validator/blob/v8.18.2/examples/struct-level/struct_level.go
+- Validator release notes - https://github.com/go-playground/validator/releases/tag/v8.7
--- a/examples/struct-lvl-validations/server.go
+++ b/examples/struct-lvl-validations/server.go
@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
+	validator "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v8"
+)
+
+// User contains user information.
+type User struct {
+	FirstName string `json:"fname"`
+	LastName  string `json:"lname"`
+	Email     string `binding:"required,email"`
+}
+
+// UserStructLevelValidation contains custom struct level validations that don't always
+// make sense at the field validation level. For example, this function validates that either
+// FirstName or LastName exist; could have done that with a custom field validation but then
+// would have had to add it to both fields duplicating the logic + overhead, this way it's
+// only validated once.
+//
+// NOTE: you may ask why wouldn't not just do this outside of validator. Doing this way
+// hooks right into validator and you can combine with validation tags and still have a
+// common error output format.
+func UserStructLevelValidation(v *validator.Validate, structLevel *validator.StructLevel) {
+	user := structLevel.CurrentStruct.Interface().(User)
+
+	if len(user.FirstName) == 0 && len(user.LastName) == 0 {
+		structLevel.ReportError(
+			reflect.ValueOf(user.FirstName), "FirstName", "fname", "fnameorlname",
+		)
+		structLevel.ReportError(
+			reflect.ValueOf(user.LastName), "LastName", "lname", "fnameorlname",
+		)
+	}
+
+	// plus can to more, even with different tag than "fnameorlname"
+}
+
+func main() {
+	route := gin.Default()
+
+	if v, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate); ok {
+		v.RegisterStructValidation(UserStructLevelValidation, User{})
+	}
+
+	route.POST("/user", validateUser)
+	route.Run(":8085")
+}
+
+func validateUser(c *gin.Context) {
+	var u User
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&u); err == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "User validation successful."})
+	} else {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"message": "User validation failed!",
+			"error":   err.Error(),
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/fixtures/testdata/cert.pem
+++ b/fixtures/testdata/cert.pem
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
--- a/fixtures/testdata/key.pem
+++ b/fixtures/testdata/key.pem
@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIIEogIBAAKCAQEAqbKP9hmkPn0GnLjDep/pXMzD25QGxan4g/iSXvPlyYYdhQef
+9iilMse9HbcYAHXanoqblBbMIG4kXiPrU8lcd+Df+uNKFnvslxDeTPG7LWIoMj4M
+0o3sqXOt2Mnj1APSVzNkd4G+8IvsmwkUoWMbLraudK25bwtogR22NdP4ZRlPEmHo
+bvI9h8MxLUix0xAY51sbA1r6qiAy5A+HRPMfD4LvebIquNjqlESKOScwL+ucgzP1
+0s+3oqXFfLhuvjjd2ljp1gYiEO4qFE5P69nTkcpqy65BQWFju/8qhSkRkwH2t9RL
+ONDl9qR4NQAyeJdFx34ObC9ugbZMjqLGa48r4QIDAQABAoIBAD5mhd+GMEo2KU9J
+9b/Ku8I/HapJtW/L/7Fvn0tBPncrVQGM+zpGWfDhV95sbGwG6lwwNeNvuqIWPlNL
+vAY0XkdKrrIQEDdSXH50WnpKzXxzwrou7QIj5Cmvevbjzl4xBZDBOilj0XWczmV4
+IljyG5XC4UXQeAaoWEZaSZ1jk8yAt2Zq1Hgg7HqhHsK/arWXBgax+4K5nV/s9gZx
+yjKU9mXTIs7k/aNnZqwQKqcZF+l3mvbZttOaFwsP14H0I8OFWhnM9hie54Dejqxi
+f4/llNxDqUs6lqJfP3qNxtORLcFe75M+Yl8v7g2hkjtLdZBakPzSTEx3TAK/UHgi
+aM8DdxECgYEA3fmg/PI4EgUEj0C3SCmQXR/CnQLMUQgb54s0asp4akvp+M7YCcr1
+pQd3HFUpBwhBcJg5LeSe87vLupY7pHCKk56cl9WY6hse0b9sP/7DWJuGiO62m0E0
+vNjQ2jpG99oR2ROIHHeWsGCpGLmrRT/kY+vR3M+AOLZniXlOCw8k0aUCgYEAw7WL
+XFWLxgZYQYilywqrQmfv1MBfaUCvykO6oWB+f6mmnihSFjecI+nDw/b3yXVYGEgy
+0ebkuw0jP8suC8wBqX9WuXj+9nZNomJRssJyOMiEhDEqUiTztFPSp9pdruoakLTh
+Wk1p9NralOqGPUmxpXlFKVmYRTUbluikVxDypI0CgYBn6sqEQH0hann0+o4TWWn9
+PrYkPUAbm1k8771tVTZERR/W3Dbldr/DL5iCihe39BR2urziEEqdvkglJNntJMar
+TzDuIBADYQjvltb9qq4XGFBGYMLaMg+XbUVxNKEuvUdnwa4R7aZ9EfN34MwekkfA
+w5Cu9/GGG1ajVEfGA6PwBQKBgA3o71jGs8KFXOx7e90sivOTU5Z5fc6LTHNB0Rf7
+NcJ5GmCPWRY/KZfb25AoE4B8GKDRMNt+X69zxZeZJ1KrU0rqxA02rlhyHB54gnoE
+G/4xMkn6/JkOC0w70PMhMBtohC7YzFOQwQEoNPT0nkno3Pl33xSLS6lPlwBo1JVj
+nPtZAoGACXNLXYkR5vexE+w6FGl59r4RQhu1XU8Mr5DIHeB7kXPN3RKbS201M+Tb
+SB5jbu0iDV477XkzSNmhaksFf2wM9MT6CaE+8n3UU5tMa+MmBGgwYTp/i9HkqVh5
+jjpJifn1VWBINd4cpNzwCg9LXoo0tbtUPWwGzqVeyo/YE5GIHGo=
+-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
--- a/gin.go
+++ b/gin.go
@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/render"
 )

-// Version is Framework's version.
 const (
+	// Version is Framework's version.
 	Version                = "v1.2"
 	defaultMultipartMemory = 32 << 20 // 32 MB
 )
@ -49,16 +49,6 @@ type RoutesInfo []RouteInfo
 // Create an instance of Engine, by using New() or Default()
 type Engine struct {
 	RouterGroup
-	delims           render.Delims
-	secureJsonPrefix string
-	HTMLRender       render.HTMLRender
-	FuncMap          template.FuncMap
-	allNoRoute       HandlersChain
-	allNoMethod      HandlersChain
-	noRoute          HandlersChain
-	noMethod         HandlersChain
-	pool             sync.Pool
-	trees            methodTrees

 	// Enables automatic redirection if the current route can't be matched but a
 	// handler for the path with (without) the trailing slash exists.
@ -102,6 +92,17 @@ type Engine struct {
 	// Value of 'maxMemory' param that is given to http.Request's ParseMultipartForm
 	// method call.
 	MaxMultipartMemory int64
+
+	delims           render.Delims
+	secureJsonPrefix string
+	HTMLRender       render.HTMLRender
+	FuncMap          template.FuncMap
+	allNoRoute       HandlersChain
+	allNoMethod      HandlersChain
+	noRoute          HandlersChain
+	noMethod         HandlersChain
+	pool             sync.Pool
+	trees            methodTrees
 }

 var _ IRouter = &Engine{}
@ -159,11 +160,14 @@ func (engine *Engine) Delims(left, right string) *Engine {
 	return engine
 }

+// SecureJsonPrefix sets the secureJsonPrefix used in Context.SecureJSON.
 func (engine *Engine) SecureJsonPrefix(prefix string) *Engine {
 	engine.secureJsonPrefix = prefix
 	return engine
 }

+// LoadHTMLGlob loads HTML files identified by glob pattern
+// and associates the result with HTML renderer.
 func (engine *Engine) LoadHTMLGlob(pattern string) {
 	left := engine.delims.Left
 	right := engine.delims.Right
@ -178,6 +182,8 @@ func (engine *Engine) LoadHTMLGlob(pattern string) {
 	engine.SetHTMLTemplate(templ)
 }

+// LoadHTMLFiles loads a slice of HTML files
+// and associates the result with HTML renderer.
 func (engine *Engine) LoadHTMLFiles(files ...string) {
 	if IsDebugging() {
 		engine.HTMLRender = render.HTMLDebug{Files: files, FuncMap: engine.FuncMap, Delims: engine.delims}
@ -188,6 +194,7 @@ func (engine *Engine) LoadHTMLFiles(files ...string) {
 	engine.SetHTMLTemplate(templ)
 }

+// SetHTMLTemplate associate a template with HTML renderer.
 func (engine *Engine) SetHTMLTemplate(templ *template.Template) {
 	if len(engine.trees) > 0 {
 		debugPrintWARNINGSetHTMLTemplate()
@ -196,6 +203,7 @@ func (engine *Engine) SetHTMLTemplate(templ *template.Template) {
 	engine.HTMLRender = render.HTMLProduction{Template: templ.Funcs(engine.FuncMap)}
 }

+// SetFuncMap sets the FuncMap used for template.FuncMap.
 func (engine *Engine) SetFuncMap(funcMap template.FuncMap) {
 	engine.FuncMap = funcMap
 }
@ -403,8 +411,8 @@ func redirectTrailingSlash(c *Context) {
 		code = 307
 	}

-	if len(path) > 1 && path[len(path)-1] == '/' {
-		req.URL.Path = path[:len(path)-1]
+	if length := len(path); length > 1 && path[length-1] == '/' {
+		req.URL.Path = path[:length-1]
 	} else {
 		req.URL.Path = path + "/"
 	}
--- a/gin_integration_test.go
+++ b/gin_integration_test.go
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func TestUnixSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	c, err := net.Dial("unix", "/tmp/unix_unit_test")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)

-	fmt.Fprintf(c, "GET /example HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
+	fmt.Fprint(c, "GET /example HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(c)
 	var response string
 	for scanner.Scan() {
--- a/gin_test.go
+++ b/gin_test.go
@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 package gin

 import (
+	"crypto/tls"
 	"fmt"
 	"html/template"
 	"io/ioutil"
@ -21,9 +22,9 @@ func formatAsDate(t time.Time) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%d/%02d/%02d", year, month, day)
 }

-func setupHTMLFiles(t *testing.T) func() {
+func setupHTMLFiles(t *testing.T, mode string, tls bool) func() {
 	go func() {
-		SetMode(TestMode)
+		SetMode(mode)
 		router := New()
 		router.Delims("{[{", "}]}")
 		router.SetFuncMap(template.FuncMap{
@ -38,16 +39,21 @@ func setupHTMLFiles(t *testing.T) func() {
 				"now": time.Date(2017, 07, 01, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
 			})
 		})
+		if tls {
+			// these files generated by `go run $GOROOT/src/crypto/tls/generate_cert.go --host 127.0.0.1`
+			router.RunTLS(":9999", "./fixtures/testdata/cert.pem", "./fixtures/testdata/key.pem")
+		} else {
 			router.Run(":8888")
+		}
 	}()
 	t.Log("waiting 1 second for server startup")
 	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
 	return func() {}
 }

-func setupHTMLGlob(t *testing.T) func() {
+func setupHTMLGlob(t *testing.T, mode string, tls bool) func() {
 	go func() {
-		SetMode(DebugMode)
+		SetMode(mode)
 		router := New()
 		router.Delims("{[{", "}]}")
 		router.SetFuncMap(template.FuncMap{
@ -62,16 +68,20 @@ func setupHTMLGlob(t *testing.T) func() {
 				"now": time.Date(2017, 07, 01, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC),
 			})
 		})
+		if tls {
+			// these files generated by `go run $GOROOT/src/crypto/tls/generate_cert.go --host 127.0.0.1`
+			router.RunTLS(":9999", "./fixtures/testdata/cert.pem", "./fixtures/testdata/key.pem")
+		} else {
 			router.Run(":8888")
+		}
 	}()
 	t.Log("waiting 1 second for server startup")
 	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
 	return func() {}
 }

-//TODO
 func TestLoadHTMLGlob(t *testing.T) {
-	td := setupHTMLGlob(t)
+	td := setupHTMLGlob(t, DebugMode, false)
 	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/test")
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println(err)
@ -83,9 +93,55 @@ func TestLoadHTMLGlob(t *testing.T) {
 	td()
 }

+func TestLoadHTMLGlob2(t *testing.T) {
+	td := setupHTMLGlob(t, TestMode, false)
+	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/test")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp[:]))
+
+	td()
+}
+
+func TestLoadHTMLGlob3(t *testing.T) {
+	td := setupHTMLGlob(t, ReleaseMode, false)
+	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/test")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp[:]))
+
+	td()
+}
+
+func TestLoadHTMLGlobUsingTLS(t *testing.T) {
+	td := setupHTMLGlob(t, DebugMode, true)
+	// Use InsecureSkipVerify for avoiding `x509: certificate signed by unknown authority` error
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
+			InsecureSkipVerify: true,
+		},
+	}
+	client := &http.Client{Transport: tr}
+	res, err := client.Get("https://127.0.0.1:9999/test")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp[:]))
+
+	td()
+}
+
 func TestLoadHTMLGlobFromFuncMap(t *testing.T) {
 	time.Now()
-	td := setupHTMLGlob(t)
+	td := setupHTMLGlob(t, DebugMode, false)
 	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/raw")
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println(err)
@ -97,9 +153,6 @@ func TestLoadHTMLGlobFromFuncMap(t *testing.T) {
 	td()
 }

-// func (engine *Engine) LoadHTMLFiles(files ...string) {
-// func (engine *Engine) RunTLS(addr string, cert string, key string) error {
-
 func init() {
 	SetMode(TestMode)
 }
@ -117,17 +170,17 @@ func TestCreateEngine(t *testing.T) {
 // 	router.LoadHTMLGlob("*.testtmpl")
 // 	r := router.HTMLRender.(render.HTMLDebug)
 // 	assert.Empty(t, r.Files)
-// 	assert.Equal(t, r.Glob, "*.testtmpl")
+// 	assert.Equal(t, "*.testtmpl", r.Glob)
 //
 // 	router.LoadHTMLFiles("index.html.testtmpl", "login.html.testtmpl")
 // 	r = router.HTMLRender.(render.HTMLDebug)
 // 	assert.Empty(t, r.Glob)
-// 	assert.Equal(t, r.Files, []string{"index.html", "login.html"})
+// 	assert.Equal(t, []string{"index.html", "login.html"}, r.Files)
 // 	SetMode(TestMode)
 // }

 func TestLoadHTMLFiles(t *testing.T) {
-	td := setupHTMLFiles(t)
+	td := setupHTMLFiles(t, TestMode, false)
 	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/test")
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println(err)
@ -138,9 +191,52 @@ func TestLoadHTMLFiles(t *testing.T) {
 	td()
 }

+func TestLoadHTMLFiles2(t *testing.T) {
+	td := setupHTMLFiles(t, DebugMode, false)
+	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/test")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp[:]))
+	td()
+}
+
+func TestLoadHTMLFiles3(t *testing.T) {
+	td := setupHTMLFiles(t, ReleaseMode, false)
+	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/test")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp[:]))
+	td()
+}
+
+func TestLoadHTMLFilesUsingTLS(t *testing.T) {
+	td := setupHTMLFiles(t, TestMode, true)
+	// Use InsecureSkipVerify for avoiding `x509: certificate signed by unknown authority` error
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
+			InsecureSkipVerify: true,
+		},
+	}
+	client := &http.Client{Transport: tr}
+	res, err := client.Get("https://127.0.0.1:9999/test")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp[:]))
+	td()
+}
+
 func TestLoadHTMLFilesFuncMap(t *testing.T) {
 	time.Now()
-	td := setupHTMLFiles(t)
+	td := setupHTMLFiles(t, TestMode, false)
 	res, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:8888/raw")
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println(err)
@ -152,10 +248,6 @@ func TestLoadHTMLFilesFuncMap(t *testing.T) {
 	td()
 }

-func TestLoadHTMLReleaseMode(t *testing.T) {
-
-}
-
 func TestAddRoute(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
 	router.addRoute("GET", "/", HandlersChain{func(_ *Context) {}})
--- a/json/json.go
+++ b/json/json.go
@ -6,9 +6,7 @@

 package json

-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-)
+import "encoding/json"

 var (
 	Marshal       = json.Marshal
--- a/json/jsoniter.go
+++ b/json/jsoniter.go
@ -6,9 +6,7 @@

 package json

-import (
-	"github.com/json-iterator/go"
-)
+import "github.com/json-iterator/go"

 var (
 	json          = jsoniter.ConfigCompatibleWithStandardLibrary
--- a/logger_test.go
+++ b/logger_test.go
@ -82,21 +82,21 @@ func TestLogger(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestColorForMethod(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("GET"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 52, 109}), "get should be blue")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("POST"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 54, 109}), "post should be cyan")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("PUT"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 51, 109}), "put should be yellow")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("DELETE"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 49, 109}), "delete should be red")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("PATCH"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 50, 109}), "patch should be green")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("HEAD"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 53, 109}), "head should be magenta")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("OPTIONS"), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 48, 59, 52, 55, 109}), "options should be white")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForMethod("TRACE"), string([]byte{27, 91, 48, 109}), "trace is not defined and should be the reset color")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 52, 109}), colorForMethod("GET"), "get should be blue")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 54, 109}), colorForMethod("POST"), "post should be cyan")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 51, 109}), colorForMethod("PUT"), "put should be yellow")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 49, 109}), colorForMethod("DELETE"), "delete should be red")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 50, 109}), colorForMethod("PATCH"), "patch should be green")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 53, 109}), colorForMethod("HEAD"), "head should be magenta")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 48, 59, 52, 55, 109}), colorForMethod("OPTIONS"), "options should be white")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 48, 109}), colorForMethod("TRACE"), "trace is not defined and should be the reset color")
 }

 func TestColorForStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForStatus(200), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 50, 109}), "2xx should be green")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForStatus(301), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 48, 59, 52, 55, 109}), "3xx should be white")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForStatus(404), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 51, 109}), "4xx should be yellow")
-	assert.Equal(t, colorForStatus(2), string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 49, 109}), "other things should be red")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 50, 109}), colorForStatus(200), "2xx should be green")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 48, 59, 52, 55, 109}), colorForStatus(301), "3xx should be white")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 51, 109}), colorForStatus(404), "4xx should be yellow")
+	assert.Equal(t, string([]byte{27, 91, 57, 55, 59, 52, 49, 109}), colorForStatus(2), "other things should be red")
 }

 func TestErrorLogger(t *testing.T) {
--- a/mode.go
+++ b/mode.go
@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ import (
 const ENV_GIN_MODE = "GIN_MODE"

 const (
-	DebugMode   string = "debug"
-	ReleaseMode string = "release"
-	TestMode    string = "test"
+	DebugMode   = "debug"
+	ReleaseMode = "release"
+	TestMode    = "test"
 )
 const (
 	debugCode = iota
@ -39,16 +39,12 @@ var modeName = DebugMode

 func init() {
 	mode := os.Getenv(ENV_GIN_MODE)
-	if mode == "" {
-		SetMode(DebugMode)
-	} else {
 	SetMode(mode)
-	}
 }

 func SetMode(value string) {
 	switch value {
-	case DebugMode:
+	case DebugMode, "":
 		ginMode = debugCode
 	case ReleaseMode:
 		ginMode = releaseCode
@ -57,6 +53,9 @@ func SetMode(value string) {
 	default:
 		panic("gin mode unknown: " + value)
 	}
+	if value == "" {
+		value = DebugMode
+	}
 	modeName = value
 }

--- a/mode_test.go
+++ b/mode_test.go
@ -17,21 +17,25 @@ func init() {
 }

 func TestSetMode(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, ginMode, testCode)
-	assert.Equal(t, Mode(), TestMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, testCode, ginMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, TestMode, Mode())
 	os.Unsetenv(ENV_GIN_MODE)

+	SetMode("")
+	assert.Equal(t, debugCode, ginMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, DebugMode, Mode())
+
 	SetMode(DebugMode)
-	assert.Equal(t, ginMode, debugCode)
-	assert.Equal(t, Mode(), DebugMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, debugCode, ginMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, DebugMode, Mode())

 	SetMode(ReleaseMode)
-	assert.Equal(t, ginMode, releaseCode)
-	assert.Equal(t, Mode(), ReleaseMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, releaseCode, ginMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, ReleaseMode, Mode())

 	SetMode(TestMode)
-	assert.Equal(t, ginMode, testCode)
-	assert.Equal(t, Mode(), TestMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, testCode, ginMode)
+	assert.Equal(t, TestMode, Mode())

 	assert.Panics(t, func() { SetMode("unknown") })
 }
--- a/path_test.go
+++ b/path_test.go
@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ var cleanTests = []struct {

 func TestPathClean(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, test := range cleanTests {
-		assert.Equal(t, cleanPath(test.path), test.result)
-		assert.Equal(t, cleanPath(test.result), test.result)
+		assert.Equal(t, test.result, cleanPath(test.path))
+		assert.Equal(t, test.result, cleanPath(test.result))
 	}
 }

--- a/recovery.go
+++ b/recovery.go
@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"net/http/httputil"
 	"runtime"
+	"time"
 )

 var (
@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ func RecoveryWithWriter(out io.Writer) HandlerFunc {
 				if logger != nil {
 					stack := stack(3)
 					httprequest, _ := httputil.DumpRequest(c.Request, false)
-					logger.Printf("[Recovery] panic recovered:\n%s\n%s\n%s%s", string(httprequest), err, stack, reset)
+					logger.Printf("[Recovery] %s panic recovered:\n%s\n%s\n%s%s", timeFormat(time.Now()), string(httprequest), err, stack, reset)
 				}
 				c.AbortWithStatus(500)
 			}
@ -107,3 +108,8 @@ func function(pc uintptr) []byte {
 	name = bytes.Replace(name, centerDot, dot, -1)
 	return name
 }
+
+func timeFormat(t time.Time) string {
+	var timeString = t.Format("2006/01/02 - 15:04:05")
+	return timeString
+}
--- a/recovery_test.go
+++ b/recovery_test.go
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func TestPanicInHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	// RUN
 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 500)
+	assert.Equal(t, 500, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET /recovery")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "TestPanicInHandler")
@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ func TestPanicWithAbort(t *testing.T) {
 	// RUN
 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 400)
+	assert.Equal(t, 400, w.Code)
 }
--- a/render/render_test.go
+++ b/render/render_test.go
@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ package render
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/xml"
+	"errors"
 	"html/template"
+	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"testing"

@ -24,6 +26,9 @@ func TestRenderMsgPack(t *testing.T) {
 		"foo": "bar",
 	}

+	(MsgPack{data}).WriteContentType(w)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "application/msgpack; charset=utf-8")
+
 	err := (MsgPack{data}).Render(w)

 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@ -45,6 +50,9 @@ func TestRenderJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		"foo": "bar",
 	}

+	(JSON{data}).WriteContentType(w)
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
+
 	err := (JSON{data}).Render(w)

 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@ -52,6 +60,14 @@ func TestRenderJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
 }

+func TestRenderJSONPanics(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	data := make(chan int)
+
+	// json: unsupported type: chan int
+	assert.Panics(t, func() { (JSON{data}).Render(w) })
+}
+
 func TestRenderIndentedJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	data := map[string]interface{}{
@ -66,12 +82,24 @@ func TestRenderIndentedJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "application/json; charset=utf-8")
 }

+func TestRenderIndentedJSONPanics(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	data := make(chan int)
+
+	// json: unsupported type: chan int
+	err := (IndentedJSON{data}).Render(w)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func TestRenderSecureJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	w1 := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	data := map[string]interface{}{
 		"foo": "bar",
 	}

+	(SecureJSON{"while(1);", data}).WriteContentType(w1)
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w1.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
+
 	err1 := (SecureJSON{"while(1);", data}).Render(w1)

 	assert.NoError(t, err1)
@ -91,6 +119,15 @@ func TestRenderSecureJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "application/json; charset=utf-8", w2.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
 }

+func TestRenderSecureJSONFail(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	data := make(chan int)
+
+	// json: unsupported type: chan int
+	err := (SecureJSON{"while(1);", data}).Render(w)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 type xmlmap map[string]interface{}

 // Allows type H to be used with xml.Marshal
@ -111,10 +148,38 @@ func (h xmlmap) MarshalXML(e *xml.Encoder, start xml.StartElement) error {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
-	if err := e.EncodeToken(xml.EndElement{Name: start.Name}); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
+
+	return e.EncodeToken(xml.EndElement{Name: start.Name})
+}
+
+func TestRenderYAML(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	data := `
+a : Easy!
+b:
+	c: 2
+	d: [3, 4]
+	`
+	(YAML{data}).WriteContentType(w)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "application/x-yaml; charset=utf-8")
+
+	err := (YAML{data}).Render(w)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "\"\\na : Easy!\\nb:\\n\\tc: 2\\n\\td: [3, 4]\\n\\t\"\n")
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "application/x-yaml; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+type fail struct{}
+
+// Hook MarshalYAML
+func (ft *fail) MarshalYAML() (interface{}, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("fail")
+}
+
+func TestRenderYAMLFail(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	err := (YAML{&fail{}}).Render(w)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
 }

 func TestRenderXML(t *testing.T) {
@ -123,6 +188,9 @@ func TestRenderXML(t *testing.T) {
 		"foo": "bar",
 	}

+	(XML{data}).WriteContentType(w)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "application/xml; charset=utf-8")
+
 	err := (XML{data}).Render(w)

 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@ -131,7 +199,30 @@ func TestRenderXML(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestRenderRedirect(t *testing.T) {
-	// TODO
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/test-redirect", nil)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	data1 := Redirect{
+		Code:     301,
+		Request:  req,
+		Location: "/new/location",
+	}
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	err = data1.Render(w)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	data2 := Redirect{
+		Code:     200,
+		Request:  req,
+		Location: "/new/location",
+	}
+
+	w = httptest.NewRecorder()
+	assert.Panics(t, func() { data2.Render(w) })
+
+	// only improve coverage
+	data2.WriteContentType(w)
 }

 func TestRenderData(t *testing.T) {
@ -151,6 +242,12 @@ func TestRenderData(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRenderString(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()

+	(String{
+		Format: "hello %s %d",
+		Data:   []interface{}{},
+	}).WriteContentType(w)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+
 	err := (String{
 		Format: "hola %s %d",
 		Data:   []interface{}{"manu", 2},
@ -161,6 +258,19 @@ func TestRenderString(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
 }

+func TestRenderStringLenZero(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	err := (String{
+		Format: "hola %s %d",
+		Data:   []interface{}{},
+	}).Render(w)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "hola %s %d")
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
 func TestRenderHTMLTemplate(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	templ := template.Must(template.New("t").Parse(`Hello {{.name}}`))
@ -176,3 +286,64 @@ func TestRenderHTMLTemplate(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "Hello alexandernyquist")
 	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
 }
+
+func TestRenderHTMLTemplateEmptyName(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	templ := template.Must(template.New("").Parse(`Hello {{.name}}`))
+
+	htmlRender := HTMLProduction{Template: templ}
+	instance := htmlRender.Instance("", map[string]interface{}{
+		"name": "alexandernyquist",
+	})
+
+	err := instance.Render(w)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "Hello alexandernyquist")
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+func TestRenderHTMLDebugFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{Files: []string{"../fixtures/basic/hello.tmpl"},
+		Glob:    "",
+		Delims:  Delims{Left: "{[{", Right: "}]}"},
+		FuncMap: nil,
+	}
+	instance := htmlRender.Instance("hello.tmpl", map[string]interface{}{
+		"name": "thinkerou",
+	})
+
+	err := instance.Render(w)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "<h1>Hello thinkerou</h1>")
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+func TestRenderHTMLDebugGlob(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{Files: nil,
+		Glob:    "../fixtures/basic/hello*",
+		Delims:  Delims{Left: "{[{", Right: "}]}"},
+		FuncMap: nil,
+	}
+	instance := htmlRender.Instance("hello.tmpl", map[string]interface{}{
+		"name": "thinkerou",
+	})
+
+	err := instance.Render(w)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "<h1>Hello thinkerou</h1>")
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+func TestRenderHTMLDebugPanics(t *testing.T) {
+	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{Files: nil,
+		Glob:    "",
+		Delims:  Delims{"{{", "}}"},
+		FuncMap: nil,
+	}
+	assert.Panics(t, func() { htmlRender.Instance("", nil) })
+}
--- a/routergroup_test.go
+++ b/routergroup_test.go
@ -20,15 +20,15 @@ func TestRouterGroupBasic(t *testing.T) {
 	group.Use(func(c *Context) {})

 	assert.Len(t, group.Handlers, 2)
-	assert.Equal(t, group.BasePath(), "/hola")
-	assert.Equal(t, group.engine, router)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/hola", group.BasePath())
+	assert.Equal(t, router, group.engine)

 	group2 := group.Group("manu")
 	group2.Use(func(c *Context) {}, func(c *Context) {})

 	assert.Len(t, group2.Handlers, 4)
-	assert.Equal(t, group2.BasePath(), "/hola/manu")
-	assert.Equal(t, group2.engine, router)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/hola/manu", group2.BasePath())
+	assert.Equal(t, router, group2.engine)
 }

 func TestRouterGroupBasicHandle(t *testing.T) {
@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ func TestRouterGroupBasicHandle(t *testing.T) {
 func performRequestInGroup(t *testing.T, method string) {
 	router := New()
 	v1 := router.Group("v1", func(c *Context) {})
-	assert.Equal(t, v1.BasePath(), "/v1")
+	assert.Equal(t, "/v1", v1.BasePath())

 	login := v1.Group("/login/", func(c *Context) {}, func(c *Context) {})
-	assert.Equal(t, login.BasePath(), "/v1/login/")
+	assert.Equal(t, "/v1/login/", login.BasePath())

 	handler := func(c *Context) {
 		c.String(400, "the method was %s and index %d", c.Request.Method, c.index)
@ -80,12 +80,12 @@ func performRequestInGroup(t *testing.T, method string) {
 	}

 	w := performRequest(router, method, "/v1/login/test")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 400)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "the method was "+method+" and index 3")
+	assert.Equal(t, 400, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "the method was "+method+" and index 3", w.Body.String())

 	w = performRequest(router, method, "/v1/test")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 400)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "the method was "+method+" and index 1")
+	assert.Equal(t, 400, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "the method was "+method+" and index 1", w.Body.String())
 }

 func TestRouterGroupInvalidStatic(t *testing.T) {
--- a/routes_test.go
+++ b/routes_test.go
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func testRouteOK(method string, t *testing.T) {

 	w := performRequest(r, method, "/test")
 	assert.True(t, passed)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, http.StatusOK)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)

 	performRequest(r, method, "/test2")
 	assert.True(t, passedAny)
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func testRouteNotOK(method string, t *testing.T) {
 	w := performRequest(router, method, "/test")

 	assert.False(t, passed)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, http.StatusNotFound)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 }

 // TestSingleRouteOK tests that POST route is correctly invoked.
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func testRouteNotOK2(method string, t *testing.T) {
 	w := performRequest(router, method, "/test")

 	assert.False(t, passed)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouterMethod(t *testing.T) {
@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ func TestRouterMethod(t *testing.T) {

 	w := performRequest(router, "PUT", "/hey")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "called")
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "called", w.Body.String())
 }

 func TestRouterGroupRouteOK(t *testing.T) {
@ -143,43 +143,43 @@ func TestRouteRedirectTrailingSlash(t *testing.T) {
 	router.PUT("/path4/", func(c *Context) {})

 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/path/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 301)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/path", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path2")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/path2/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 301)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/path2/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "POST", "/path3/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/path3")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 307)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/path3", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 307, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "PUT", "/path4")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/path4/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 307)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/path4/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 307, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path2/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "POST", "/path3")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "PUT", "/path4/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)

 	router.RedirectTrailingSlash = false

 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path2")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 	w = performRequest(router, "POST", "/path3/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 	w = performRequest(router, "PUT", "/path4")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouteRedirectFixedPath(t *testing.T) {
@ -193,20 +193,20 @@ func TestRouteRedirectFixedPath(t *testing.T) {
 	router.POST("/Path4/", func(c *Context) {})

 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/PATH")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 301)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/path", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path2")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/Path2")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 301)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/Path2", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "POST", "/path3")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/PATH3")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 307)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/PATH3", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 307, w.Code)

 	w = performRequest(router, "POST", "/path4")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Header().Get("Location"), "/Path4/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 307)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/Path4/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 307, w.Code)
 }

 // TestContextParamsGet tests that a parameter can be parsed from the URL.
@ -236,10 +236,10 @@ func TestRouteParamsByName(t *testing.T) {

 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/test/john/smith/is/super/great")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
-	assert.Equal(t, name, "john")
-	assert.Equal(t, lastName, "smith")
-	assert.Equal(t, wild, "/is/super/great")
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "john", name)
+	assert.Equal(t, "smith", lastName)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/is/super/great", wild)
 }

 // TestHandleStaticFile - ensure the static file handles properly
@ -265,15 +265,15 @@ func TestRouteStaticFile(t *testing.T) {
 	w2 := performRequest(router, "GET", "/result")

 	assert.Equal(t, w, w2)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "Gin Web Framework")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Gin Web Framework", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))

 	w3 := performRequest(router, "HEAD", "/using_static/"+filename)
 	w4 := performRequest(router, "HEAD", "/result")

 	assert.Equal(t, w3, w4)
-	assert.Equal(t, w3.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w3.Code)
 }

 // TestHandleStaticDir - ensure the root/sub dir handles properly
@ -283,9 +283,9 @@ func TestRouteStaticListingDir(t *testing.T) {

 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "gin.go")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 }

 // TestHandleHeadToDir - ensure the root/sub dir handles properly
@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ func TestRouteStaticNoListing(t *testing.T) {

 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 	assert.NotContains(t, w.Body.String(), "gin.go")
 }

@ -310,12 +310,12 @@ func TestRouterMiddlewareAndStatic(t *testing.T) {

 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/gin.go")

-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "package gin")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
 	assert.NotEqual(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Last-Modified"), "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 MST")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("Expires"), "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 MST")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.HeaderMap.Get("x-GIN"), "Gin Framework")
+	assert.Equal(t, "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 MST", w.HeaderMap.Get("Expires"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "Gin Framework", w.HeaderMap.Get("x-GIN"))
 }

 func TestRouteNotAllowedEnabled(t *testing.T) {
@ -323,14 +323,14 @@ func TestRouteNotAllowedEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 	router.HandleMethodNotAllowed = true
 	router.POST("/path", func(c *Context) {})
 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, w.Code)

 	router.NoMethod(func(c *Context) {
 		c.String(http.StatusTeapot, "responseText")
 	})
 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "responseText")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, http.StatusTeapot)
+	assert.Equal(t, "responseText", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTeapot, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouteNotAllowedDisabled(t *testing.T) {
@ -338,14 +338,14 @@ func TestRouteNotAllowedDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 	router.HandleMethodNotAllowed = false
 	router.POST("/path", func(c *Context) {})
 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)

 	router.NoMethod(func(c *Context) {
 		c.String(http.StatusTeapot, "responseText")
 	})
 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "404 page not found")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, "404 page not found", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouterNotFound(t *testing.T) {
@ -372,9 +372,9 @@ func TestRouterNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, tr := range testRoutes {
 		w := performRequest(router, "GET", tr.route)
-		assert.Equal(t, w.Code, tr.code)
+		assert.Equal(t, tr.code, w.Code)
 		if w.Code != 404 {
-			assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprint(w.Header().Get("Location")), tr.location)
+			assert.Equal(t, tr.location, fmt.Sprint(w.Header().Get("Location")))
 		}
 	}

@ -385,20 +385,20 @@ func TestRouterNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 		notFound = true
 	})
 	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/nope")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 	assert.True(t, notFound)

 	// Test other method than GET (want 307 instead of 301)
 	router.PATCH("/path", func(c *Context) {})
 	w = performRequest(router, "PATCH", "/path/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 307)
-	assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprint(w.Header()), "map[Location:[/path]]")
+	assert.Equal(t, 307, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "map[Location:[/path]]", fmt.Sprint(w.Header()))

 	// Test special case where no node for the prefix "/" exists
 	router = New()
 	router.GET("/a", func(c *Context) {})
 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 404)
+	assert.Equal(t, 404, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouteRawPath(t *testing.T) {
@ -409,15 +409,15 @@ func TestRouteRawPath(t *testing.T) {
 		name := c.Params.ByName("name")
 		num := c.Params.ByName("num")

-		assert.Equal(t, c.Param("name"), name)
-		assert.Equal(t, c.Param("num"), num)
+		assert.Equal(t, name, c.Param("name"))
+		assert.Equal(t, num, c.Param("num"))

 		assert.Equal(t, "Some/Other/Project", name)
 		assert.Equal(t, "222", num)
 	})

 	w := performRequest(route, "POST", "/project/Some%2FOther%2FProject/build/222")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouteRawPathNoUnescape(t *testing.T) {
@ -429,15 +429,15 @@ func TestRouteRawPathNoUnescape(t *testing.T) {
 		name := c.Params.ByName("name")
 		num := c.Params.ByName("num")

-		assert.Equal(t, c.Param("name"), name)
-		assert.Equal(t, c.Param("num"), num)
+		assert.Equal(t, name, c.Param("name"))
+		assert.Equal(t, num, c.Param("num"))

 		assert.Equal(t, "Some%2FOther%2FProject", name)
 		assert.Equal(t, "333", num)
 	})

 	w := performRequest(route, "POST", "/project/Some%2FOther%2FProject/build/333")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 200)
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 }

 func TestRouteServeErrorWithWriteHeader(t *testing.T) {
--- a/tree.go
+++ b/tree.go
@ -87,13 +87,13 @@ const (

 type node struct {
 	path      string
-	wildChild bool
-	nType     nodeType
-	maxParams uint8
 	indices   string
 	children  []*node
 	handlers  HandlersChain
 	priority  uint32
+	nType     nodeType
+	maxParams uint8
+	wildChild bool
 }

 // increments priority of the given child and reorders if necessary.
@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 					// Nothing found.
 					// We can recommend to redirect to the same URL without a
 					// trailing slash if a leaf exists for that path.
-					tsr = (path == "/" && n.handlers != nil)
+					tsr = path == "/" && n.handlers != nil
 					return
 				}

@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 						}

 						// ... but we can't
-						tsr = (len(path) == end+1)
+						tsr = len(path) == end+1
 						return
 					}

@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 						// No handle found. Check if a handle for this path + a
 						// trailing slash exists for TSR recommendation
 						n = n.children[0]
-						tsr = (n.path == "/" && n.handlers != nil)
+						tsr = n.path == "/" && n.handlers != nil
 					}

 					return
@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ func (n *node) findCaseInsensitivePath(path string, fixTrailingSlash bool) (ciPa

 				// Nothing found. We can recommend to redirect to the same URL
 				// without a trailing slash if a leaf exists for that path
-				found = (fixTrailingSlash && path == "/" && n.handlers != nil)
+				found = fixTrailingSlash && path == "/" && n.handlers != nil
 				return
 			}

--- a/tree_test.go
+++ b/tree_test.go
@ -5,22 +5,11 @@
 package gin

 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )

-func printChildren(n *node, prefix string) {
-	fmt.Printf(" %02d:%02d %s%s[%d] %v %t %d \r\n", n.priority, n.maxParams, prefix, n.path, len(n.children), n.handlers, n.wildChild, n.nType)
-	for l := len(n.path); l > 0; l-- {
-		prefix += " "
-	}
-	for _, child := range n.children {
-		printChildren(child, prefix)
-	}
-}
-
 // Used as a workaround since we can't compare functions or their addressses
 var fakeHandlerValue string

--- a/utils.go
+++ b/utils.go
@ -33,18 +33,23 @@ func Bind(val interface{}) HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }

+// WrapF is a helper function for wrapping http.HandlerFunc
+// Returns a Gin middleware
 func WrapF(f http.HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *Context) {
 		f(c.Writer, c.Request)
 	}
 }

+// WrapH is a helper function for wrapping http.Handler
+// Returns a Gin middleware
 func WrapH(h http.Handler) HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *Context) {
 		h.ServeHTTP(c.Writer, c.Request)
 	}
 }

+// H is a shortcut for map[string]interface{}
 type H map[string]interface{}

 // MarshalXML allows type H to be used with xml.Marshal.
@ -65,10 +70,8 @@ func (h H) MarshalXML(e *xml.Encoder, start xml.StartElement) error {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
-	if err := e.EncodeToken(xml.EndElement{Name: start.Name}); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
+
+	return e.EncodeToken(xml.EndElement{Name: start.Name})
 }

 func assert1(guard bool, text string) {
--- a/utils_test.go
+++ b/utils_test.go
@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ type testStruct struct {
 }

 func (t *testStruct) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
-	assert.Equal(t.T, req.Method, "POST")
-	assert.Equal(t.T, req.URL.Path, "/path")
+	assert.Equal(t.T, "POST", req.Method)
+	assert.Equal(t.T, "/path", req.URL.Path)
 	w.WriteHeader(500)
 	fmt.Fprint(w, "hello")
 }
@ -31,50 +31,50 @@ func TestWrap(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
 	router.POST("/path", WrapH(&testStruct{t}))
 	router.GET("/path2", WrapF(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
-		assert.Equal(t, req.Method, "GET")
-		assert.Equal(t, req.URL.Path, "/path2")
+		assert.Equal(t, "GET", req.Method)
+		assert.Equal(t, "/path2", req.URL.Path)
 		w.WriteHeader(400)
 		fmt.Fprint(w, "hola!")
 	}))

 	w := performRequest(router, "POST", "/path")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 500)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "hello")
+	assert.Equal(t, 500, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "hello", w.Body.String())

 	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path2")
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Code, 400)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), "hola!")
+	assert.Equal(t, 400, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "hola!", w.Body.String())
 }

 func TestLastChar(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, lastChar("hola"), uint8('a'))
-	assert.Equal(t, lastChar("adios"), uint8('s'))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint8('a'), lastChar("hola"))
+	assert.Equal(t, uint8('s'), lastChar("adios"))
 	assert.Panics(t, func() { lastChar("") })
 }

 func TestParseAccept(t *testing.T) {
 	parts := parseAccept("text/html , application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,  */* ;q=0.8")
 	assert.Len(t, parts, 4)
-	assert.Equal(t, parts[0], "text/html")
-	assert.Equal(t, parts[1], "application/xhtml+xml")
-	assert.Equal(t, parts[2], "application/xml")
-	assert.Equal(t, parts[3], "*/*")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html", parts[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/xhtml+xml", parts[1])
+	assert.Equal(t, "application/xml", parts[2])
+	assert.Equal(t, "*/*", parts[3])
 }

 func TestChooseData(t *testing.T) {
 	A := "a"
 	B := "b"
-	assert.Equal(t, chooseData(A, B), A)
-	assert.Equal(t, chooseData(nil, B), B)
+	assert.Equal(t, A, chooseData(A, B))
+	assert.Equal(t, B, chooseData(nil, B))
 	assert.Panics(t, func() { chooseData(nil, nil) })
 }

 func TestFilterFlags(t *testing.T) {
 	result := filterFlags("text/html ")
-	assert.Equal(t, result, "text/html")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html", result)

 	result = filterFlags("text/html;")
-	assert.Equal(t, result, "text/html")
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/html", result)
 }

 func TestFunctionName(t *testing.T) {
@ -86,16 +86,16 @@ func somefunction() {
 }

 func TestJoinPaths(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("", ""), "")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("", "/"), "/")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a", ""), "/a")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a/", ""), "/a/")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a/", "/"), "/a/")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a", "/"), "/a/")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a", "/hola"), "/a/hola")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a/", "/hola"), "/a/hola")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a/", "/hola/"), "/a/hola/")
-	assert.Equal(t, joinPaths("/a/", "/hola//"), "/a/hola/")
+	assert.Equal(t, "", joinPaths("", ""))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/", joinPaths("", "/"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a", joinPaths("/a", ""))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/", joinPaths("/a/", ""))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/", joinPaths("/a/", "/"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/", joinPaths("/a", "/"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/hola", joinPaths("/a", "/hola"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/hola", joinPaths("/a/", "/hola"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/hola/", joinPaths("/a/", "/hola/"))
+	assert.Equal(t, "/a/hola/", joinPaths("/a/", "/hola//"))
 }

 type bindTestStruct struct {
@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ func TestBindMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 	performRequest(router, "GET", "/?foo=hola&bar=10")
 	assert.True(t, called)
-	assert.Equal(t, value.Foo, "hola")
-	assert.Equal(t, value.Bar, 10)
+	assert.Equal(t, "hola", value.Foo)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, value.Bar)

 	called = false
 	performRequest(router, "GET", "/?foo=hola&bar=1")
--- a/vendor/vendor.json
+++ b/vendor/vendor.json
@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 			"revisionTime": "2017-01-09T09:34:21Z"
 		},
 		{
-			"checksumSHA1": "FJKrZuFmeLJp8HDeJc6UkIDBPUw=",
+			"checksumSHA1": "+vZNyF2MykVjenLg1TpjjgjthV0=",
 			"path": "github.com/gin-gonic/autotls",
-			"revision": "5b3297bdcee778ff3bbdc99ab7c41e1c2677d22d",
-			"revisionTime": "2017-04-16T09:39:34Z"
+			"revision": "8ca25fbde72bb72a00466215b94b489c71fcb815",
+			"revisionTime": "2017-09-16T16:54:15Z"
 		},
 		{
 			"checksumSHA1": "qlPUeFabwF4RKAOF1H+yBFU1Veg=",
@ -65,6 +65,12 @@
 			"revision": "976c720a22c8eb4eb6a0b4348ad85ad12491a506",
 			"revisionTime": "2016-09-25T22:06:09Z"
 		},
+		{
+			"checksumSHA1": "IopMW+arBezL5bqOfrVU6UEfn28=",
+			"path": "github.com/thinkerou/favicon",
+			"revision": "94a442a49da6e2d44bdd5e0d2e2e185c43a19d93",
+			"revisionTime": "2017-07-10T14:05:20Z"
+		},
 		{
 			"checksumSHA1": "CoxdaTYdPZNJXr8mJfLxye428N0=",
 			"path": "github.com/ugorji/go/codec",
@ -90,6 +96,12 @@
 			"revision": "d4c55e66d8c3a2f3382d264b08e3e3454a66355a",
 			"revisionTime": "2016-10-18T08:54:36Z"
 		},
+		{
+			"checksumSHA1": "S0DP7Pn7sZUmXc55IzZnNvERu6s=",
+			"path": "golang.org/x/sync/errgroup",
+			"revision": "8e0aa688b654ef28caa72506fa5ec8dba9fc7690",
+			"revisionTime": "2017-07-19T03:38:01Z"
+		},
 		{
 			"checksumSHA1": "TVEkpH3gq84iQ39I4R+mlDwjuVI=",
 			"path": "golang.org/x/sys/unix",