diff --git a/finetune/utils/__init__.py b/finetune/utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c6fe5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/finetune/utils/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .torch_utils import *
+from .optimizer_utils import *
+from .memory_utils import *
+from .checkpointing import *
diff --git a/finetune/utils/checkpointing.py b/finetune/utils/checkpointing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1797153
--- /dev/null
+++ b/finetune/utils/checkpointing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Tuple
+from accelerate.logging import get_logger
+
+from finetune.constants import LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL
+from ..utils.file_utils import find_files, delete_files
+
+
+logger = get_logger(LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL)
+
+
+def get_latest_ckpt_path_to_resume_from(
+    resume_from_checkpoint: str | None, num_update_steps_per_epoch: int
+) -> Tuple[str | None, int, int, int]:
+    if resume_from_checkpoint is None:
+        initial_global_step = 0
+        global_step = 0
+        first_epoch = 0
+        resume_from_checkpoint_path = None
+    else:
+        resume_from_checkpoint_path = Path(resume_from_checkpoint)
+        if not resume_from_checkpoint_path.exists():
+            logger.info(f"Checkpoint '{resume_from_checkpoint}' does not exist. Starting a new training run.")
+            initial_global_step = 0
+            global_step = 0
+            first_epoch = 0
+            resume_from_checkpoint_path = None
+        else:
+            logger.info(f"Resuming from checkpoint {resume_from_checkpoint}")
+            global_step = int(resume_from_checkpoint_path.name.split("-")[1])
+
+            initial_global_step = global_step
+            first_epoch = global_step // num_update_steps_per_epoch
+
+    return resume_from_checkpoint_path, initial_global_step, global_step, first_epoch
+
+
+def get_intermediate_ckpt_path(checkpointing_limit: int, step: int, output_dir: str) -> str:
+    # before saving state, check if this save would set us over the `checkpointing_limit`
+    if checkpointing_limit is not None:
+        checkpoints = find_files(output_dir, prefix="checkpoint")
+
+        # before we save the new checkpoint, we need to have at_most `checkpoints_total_limit - 1` checkpoints
+        if len(checkpoints) >= checkpointing_limit:
+            num_to_remove = len(checkpoints) - checkpointing_limit + 1
+            checkpoints_to_remove = checkpoints[0:num_to_remove]
+            delete_files(checkpoints_to_remove)
+
+    logger.info(f"Checkpointing at step {step}")
+    save_path = os.path.join(output_dir, f"checkpoint-{step}")
+    logger.info(f"Saving state to {save_path}")
+    return save_path
diff --git a/finetune/utils/file_utils.py b/finetune/utils/file_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f04dd85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/finetune/utils/file_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Union
+from accelerate.logging import get_logger
+from finetune.constants import LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL
+
+
+logger = get_logger(LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL)
+
+
+def find_files(dir: Union[str, Path], prefix: str = "checkpoint") -> List[str]:
+    if not isinstance(dir, Path):
+        dir = Path(dir)
+    if not dir.exists():
+        return []
+    checkpoints = os.listdir(dir.as_posix())
+    checkpoints = [c for c in checkpoints if c.startswith(prefix)]
+    checkpoints = sorted(checkpoints, key=lambda x: int(x.split("-")[1]))
+    checkpoints = [dir / c for c in checkpoints]
+    return checkpoints
+
+
+def delete_files(dirs: Union[str, List[str], Path, List[Path]]) -> None:
+    if not isinstance(dirs, list):
+        dirs = [dirs]
+    dirs = [Path(d) if isinstance(d, str) else d for d in dirs]
+    logger.info(f"Deleting files: {dirs}")
+    for dir in dirs:
+        if not dir.exists():
+            continue
+        shutil.rmtree(dir, ignore_errors=True)
+
+
+def string_to_filename(s: str) -> str:
+    return (
+        s.replace(" ", "-")
+        .replace("/", "-")
+        .replace(":", "-")
+        .replace(".", "-")
+        .replace(",", "-")
+        .replace(";", "-")
+        .replace("!", "-")
+        .replace("?", "-")
+    )
diff --git a/finetune/utils/memory_utils.py b/finetune/utils/memory_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7a136b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/finetune/utils/memory_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import gc
+import torch
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, Union
+from accelerate.logging import get_logger
+
+from finetune.constants import LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL
+
+
+logger = get_logger(LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL)
+
+
+def get_memory_statistics(precision: int = 3) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    memory_allocated = None
+    memory_reserved = None
+    max_memory_allocated = None
+    max_memory_reserved = None
+
+    if torch.cuda.is_available():
+        device = torch.cuda.current_device()
+        memory_allocated = torch.cuda.memory_allocated(device)
+        memory_reserved = torch.cuda.memory_reserved(device)
+        max_memory_allocated = torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated(device)
+        max_memory_reserved = torch.cuda.max_memory_reserved(device)
+
+    elif torch.mps.is_available():
+        memory_allocated = torch.mps.current_allocated_memory()
+
+    else:
+        logger.warning("No CUDA, MPS, or ROCm device found. Memory statistics are not available.")
+
+    return {
+        "memory_allocated": round(bytes_to_gigabytes(memory_allocated), ndigits=precision),
+        "memory_reserved": round(bytes_to_gigabytes(memory_reserved), ndigits=precision),
+        "max_memory_allocated": round(bytes_to_gigabytes(max_memory_allocated), ndigits=precision),
+        "max_memory_reserved": round(bytes_to_gigabytes(max_memory_reserved), ndigits=precision),
+    }
+
+
+def bytes_to_gigabytes(x: int) -> float:
+    if x is not None:
+        return x / 1024**3
+
+
+def free_memory() -> None:
+    if torch.cuda.is_available():
+        gc.collect()
+        torch.cuda.empty_cache()
+        torch.cuda.ipc_collect()
+
+    # TODO(aryan): handle non-cuda devices
+
+
+def make_contiguous(x: Union[torch.Tensor, Dict[str, torch.Tensor]]) -> Union[torch.Tensor, Dict[str, torch.Tensor]]:
+    if isinstance(x, torch.Tensor):
+        return x.contiguous()
+    elif isinstance(x, dict):
+        return {k: make_contiguous(v) for k, v in x.items()}
+    else:
+        return x
diff --git a/finetune/utils/optimizer_utils.py b/finetune/utils/optimizer_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd93f9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/finetune/utils/optimizer_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+import inspect
+import torch
+
+from accelerate.logging import get_logger
+
+from finetune.constants import LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL
+
+
+logger = get_logger(LOG_NAME, LOG_LEVEL)
+
+
+def get_optimizer(
+    params_to_optimize,
+    optimizer_name: str = "adam",
+    learning_rate: float = 1e-3,
+    beta1: float = 0.9,
+    beta2: float = 0.95,
+    beta3: float = 0.98,
+    epsilon: float = 1e-8,
+    weight_decay: float = 1e-4,
+    prodigy_decouple: bool = False,
+    prodigy_use_bias_correction: bool = False,
+    prodigy_safeguard_warmup: bool = False,
+    use_8bit: bool = False,
+    use_4bit: bool = False,
+    use_torchao: bool = False,
+    use_deepspeed: bool = False,
+    use_cpu_offload_optimizer: bool = False,
+    offload_gradients: bool = False,
+) -> torch.optim.Optimizer:
+    optimizer_name = optimizer_name.lower()
+
+    # Use DeepSpeed optimzer
+    if use_deepspeed:
+        from accelerate.utils import DummyOptim
+
+        return DummyOptim(
+            params_to_optimize,
+            lr=learning_rate,
+            betas=(beta1, beta2),
+            eps=epsilon,
+            weight_decay=weight_decay,
+        )
+
+    if use_8bit and use_4bit:
+        raise ValueError("Cannot set both `use_8bit` and `use_4bit` to True.")
+
+    if (use_torchao and (use_8bit or use_4bit)) or use_cpu_offload_optimizer:
+        try:
+            import torchao
+
+            torchao.__version__
+        except ImportError:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "To use optimizers from torchao, please install the torchao library: `USE_CPP=0 pip install torchao`."
+            )
+
+    if not use_torchao and use_4bit:
+        raise ValueError("4-bit Optimizers are only supported with torchao.")
+
+    # Optimizer creation
+    supported_optimizers = ["adam", "adamw", "prodigy", "came"]
+    if optimizer_name not in supported_optimizers:
+        logger.warning(
+            f"Unsupported choice of optimizer: {optimizer_name}. Supported optimizers include {supported_optimizers}. Defaulting to `AdamW`."
+        )
+        optimizer_name = "adamw"
+
+    if (use_8bit or use_4bit) and optimizer_name not in ["adam", "adamw"]:
+        raise ValueError("`use_8bit` and `use_4bit` can only be used with the Adam and AdamW optimizers.")
+
+    if use_8bit:
+        try:
+            import bitsandbytes as bnb
+        except ImportError:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "To use 8-bit Adam, please install the bitsandbytes library: `pip install bitsandbytes`."
+            )
+
+    if optimizer_name == "adamw":
+        if use_torchao:
+            from torchao.prototype.low_bit_optim import AdamW4bit, AdamW8bit
+
+            optimizer_class = AdamW8bit if use_8bit else AdamW4bit if use_4bit else torch.optim.AdamW
+        else:
+            optimizer_class = bnb.optim.AdamW8bit if use_8bit else torch.optim.AdamW
+
+        init_kwargs = {
+            "betas": (beta1, beta2),
+            "eps": epsilon,
+            "weight_decay": weight_decay,
+        }
+
+    elif optimizer_name == "adam":
+        if use_torchao:
+            from torchao.prototype.low_bit_optim import Adam4bit, Adam8bit
+
+            optimizer_class = Adam8bit if use_8bit else Adam4bit if use_4bit else torch.optim.Adam
+        else:
+            optimizer_class = bnb.optim.Adam8bit if use_8bit else torch.optim.Adam
+
+        init_kwargs = {
+            "betas": (beta1, beta2),
+            "eps": epsilon,
+            "weight_decay": weight_decay,
+        }
+
+    elif optimizer_name == "prodigy":
+        try:
+            import prodigyopt
+        except ImportError:
+            raise ImportError("To use Prodigy, please install the prodigyopt library: `pip install prodigyopt`")
+
+        optimizer_class = prodigyopt.Prodigy
+
+        if learning_rate <= 0.1:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Learning rate is too low. When using prodigy, it's generally better to set learning rate around 1.0"
+            )
+
+        init_kwargs = {
+            "lr": learning_rate,
+            "betas": (beta1, beta2),
+            "beta3": beta3,
+            "eps": epsilon,
+            "weight_decay": weight_decay,
+            "decouple": prodigy_decouple,
+            "use_bias_correction": prodigy_use_bias_correction,
+            "safeguard_warmup": prodigy_safeguard_warmup,
+        }
+
+    elif optimizer_name == "came":
+        try:
+            import came_pytorch
+        except ImportError:
+            raise ImportError("To use CAME, please install the came-pytorch library: `pip install came-pytorch`")
+
+        optimizer_class = came_pytorch.CAME
+
+        init_kwargs = {
+            "lr": learning_rate,
+            "eps": (1e-30, 1e-16),
+            "betas": (beta1, beta2, beta3),
+            "weight_decay": weight_decay,
+        }
+
+    if use_cpu_offload_optimizer:
+        from torchao.prototype.low_bit_optim import CPUOffloadOptimizer
+
+        if "fused" in inspect.signature(optimizer_class.__init__).parameters:
+            init_kwargs.update({"fused": True})
+
+        optimizer = CPUOffloadOptimizer(
+            params_to_optimize, optimizer_class=optimizer_class, offload_gradients=offload_gradients, **init_kwargs
+        )
+    else:
+        optimizer = optimizer_class(params_to_optimize, **init_kwargs)
+
+    return optimizer
+
+
+def gradient_norm(parameters):
+    norm = 0
+    for param in parameters:
+        if param.grad is None:
+            continue
+        local_norm = param.grad.detach().data.norm(2)
+        norm += local_norm.item() ** 2
+    norm = norm**0.5
+    return norm
+
+
+def max_gradient(parameters):
+    max_grad_value = float("-inf")
+    for param in parameters:
+        if param.grad is None:
+            continue
+        local_max_grad = param.grad.detach().data.abs().max()
+        max_grad_value = max(max_grad_value, local_max_grad.item())
+    return max_grad_value
diff --git a/finetune/utils/torch_utils.py b/finetune/utils/torch_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a74271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/finetune/utils/torch_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Union, List
+
+import torch
+from accelerate import Accelerator
+from diffusers.utils.torch_utils import is_compiled_module
+
+
+def unwrap_model(accelerator: Accelerator, model):
+    model = accelerator.unwrap_model(model)
+    model = model._orig_mod if is_compiled_module(model) else model
+    return model
+
+
+def align_device_and_dtype(
+    x: Union[torch.Tensor, Dict[str, torch.Tensor]],
+    device: Optional[torch.device] = None,
+    dtype: Optional[torch.dtype] = None,
+):
+    if isinstance(x, torch.Tensor):
+        if device is not None:
+            x = x.to(device)
+        if dtype is not None:
+            x = x.to(dtype)
+    elif isinstance(x, dict):
+        if device is not None:
+            x = {k: align_device_and_dtype(v, device, dtype) for k, v in x.items()}
+        if dtype is not None:
+            x = {k: align_device_and_dtype(v, device, dtype) for k, v in x.items()}
+    return x
+
+
+def expand_tensor_to_dims(tensor, ndim):
+    while len(tensor.shape) < ndim:
+        tensor = tensor.unsqueeze(-1)
+    return tensor
+
+
+def cast_training_params(model: Union[torch.nn.Module, List[torch.nn.Module]], dtype=torch.float32):
+    """
+    Casts the training parameters of the model to the specified data type.
+
+    Args:
+        model: The PyTorch model whose parameters will be cast.
+        dtype: The data type to which the model parameters will be cast.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(model, list):
+        model = [model]
+    for m in model:
+        for param in m.parameters():
+            # only upcast trainable parameters into fp32
+            if param.requires_grad:
+                param.data = param.to(dtype)
\ No newline at end of file